Cервис управления информационной безопасностью
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MITRE ATT&CK - Technique LSASS Driver
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MITRE ATT&CK
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LSASS Driver
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Boot or Logon Autostart Execution:  LSASS Driver

ID Name
.001 Registry Run Keys / Startup Folder
.002 Authentication Package
.003 Time Providers
.004 Winlogon Helper DLL
.005 Security Support Provider
.006 Kernel Modules and Extensions
.007 Re-opened Applications
.008 LSASS Driver
.009 Shortcut Modification
.010 Port Monitors
.011 Plist Modification
.012 Print Processors
.013 XDG Autostart Entries
.014 Active Setup
.015 Login Items

Adversaries may modify or add LSASS drivers to obtain persistence on compromised systems. The Windows security subsystem is a set of components that manage and enforce the security policy for a computer or domain. The Local Security Authority (LSA) is the main component responsible for local security policy and user authentication. The LSA includes multiple dynamic link libraries (DLLs) associated with various other security functions, all of which run in the context of the LSA Subsystem Service (LSASS) lsass.exe process.(Citation: Microsoft Security Subsystem) Adversaries may target LSASS drivers to obtain persistence. By either replacing or adding illegitimate drivers (e.g., Hijack Execution Flow), an adversary can use LSA operations to continuously execute malicious payloads.

ID: T1547.008
Sub-technique of:  T1547
Tactic(s): Persistence, Privilege Escalation
Platforms: Windows
Permissions Required: Administrator, SYSTEM
Data Sources: Driver: Driver Load, File: File Creation, File: File Modification, Module: Module Load
Version: 1.0
Created: 24 Jan 2020
Last Modified: 20 Apr 2022

Procedure Examples
Name Description
Wingbird

Wingbird drops a malicious file (sspisrv.dll) alongside a copy of lsass.exe, which is used to register a service that loads sspisrv.dll as a driver. The payload of the malicious driver (located in its entry-point function) is executed when loaded by lsass.exe before the spoofed service becomes unstable and crashes.(Citation: Microsoft SIR Vol 21)(Citation: Microsoft Wingbird Nov 2017)
Pasam

Pasam establishes by infecting the Security Accounts Manager (SAM) DLL to load a malicious DLL dropped to disk.(Citation: Symantec Pasam May 2012)

Mitigations
Mitigation Description
Privileged Process Integrity

Protect processes with high privileges that can be used to interact with critical system components through use of protected process light, anti-process injection defenses, or other process integrity enforcement measures.
Credential Access Protection

Use capabilities to prevent successful credential access by adversaries; including blocking forms of credential dumping.
Restrict Library Loading

Prevent abuse of library loading mechanisms in the operating system and software to load untrusted code by configuring appropriate library loading mechanisms and investigating potential vulnerable software.

Detection

With LSA Protection enabled, monitor the event logs (Events 3033 and 3063) for failed attempts to load LSA plug-ins and drivers. (Citation: Microsoft LSA Protection Mar 2014) Also monitor DLL load operations in lsass.exe. (Citation: Microsoft DLL Security) Utilize the Sysinternals Autoruns/Autorunsc utility (Citation: TechNet Autoruns) to examine loaded drivers associated with the LSA.

References

  1. Russinovich, M. (2016, January 4). Autoruns for Windows v13.51. Retrieved June 6, 2016.
  2. Microsoft. (n.d.). Security Subsystem Architecture. Retrieved November 27, 2017.
  3. Microsoft. (n.d.). Dynamic-Link Library Security. Retrieved November 27, 2017.
  4. Microsoft. (2014, March 12). Configuring Additional LSA Protection. Retrieved November 27, 2017.
  5. Microsoft. (2017, November 9). Backdoor:Win32/Wingbird.A!dha. Retrieved November 27, 2017.
  6. Anthe, C. et al. (2016, December 14). Microsoft Security Intelligence Report Volume 21. Retrieved November 27, 2017.
  7. Mullaney, C. & Honda, H. (2012, May 4). Trojan.Pasam. Retrieved February 22, 2018.
  8. Lich, B., Tobin, J. (2017, April 5). How Windows Defender Credential Guard works. Retrieved November 27, 2017.
  9. Lich, B., Tobin, J., Hall, J. (2017, April 5). Manage Windows Defender Credential Guard. Retrieved November 27, 2017.
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