Cервис управления информационной безопасностью
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MITRE ATT&CK - Technique Print Processors
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MITRE ATT&CK
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Print Processors
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Boot or Logon Autostart Execution:  Print Processors

ID Name
.001 Registry Run Keys / Startup Folder
.002 Authentication Package
.003 Time Providers
.004 Winlogon Helper DLL
.005 Security Support Provider
.006 Kernel Modules and Extensions
.007 Re-opened Applications
.008 LSASS Driver
.009 Shortcut Modification
.010 Port Monitors
.011 Plist Modification
.012 Print Processors
.013 XDG Autostart Entries
.014 Active Setup
.015 Login Items

Adversaries may abuse print processors to run malicious DLLs during system boot for persistence and/or privilege escalation. Print processors are DLLs that are loaded by the print spooler service, spoolsv.exe, during boot. Adversaries may abuse the print spooler service by adding print processors that load malicious DLLs at startup. A print processor can be installed through the AddPrintProcessor API call with an account that has SeLoadDriverPrivilege enabled. Alternatively, a print processor can be registered to the print spooler service by adding the HKLM\SYSTEM\\[CurrentControlSet or ControlSet001]\Control\Print\Environments\\[Windows architecture: e.g., Windows x64]\Print Processors\\[user defined]\Driver Registry key that points to the DLL. For the print processor to be correctly installed, it must be located in the system print-processor directory that can be found with the GetPrintProcessorDirectory API call.(Citation: Microsoft AddPrintProcessor May 2018) After the print processors are installed, the print spooler service, which starts during boot, must be restarted in order for them to run.(Citation: ESET PipeMon May 2020) The print spooler service runs under SYSTEM level permissions, therefore print processors installed by an adversary may run under elevated privileges.

ID: T1547.012
Sub-technique of:  T1547
Tactic(s): Persistence, Privilege Escalation
Platforms: Windows
Permissions Required: Administrator, SYSTEM
Data Sources: Driver: Driver Load, File: File Creation, Module: Module Load, Process: OS API Execution, Windows Registry: Windows Registry Key Modification
Version: 1.0
Created: 05 Oct 2020
Last Modified: 09 Oct 2020

Procedure Examples
Name Description
Gelsemium

Gelsemium can drop itself in C:\Windows\System32\spool\prtprocs\x64\winprint.dll to be loaded automatically by the spoolsv Windows service.(Citation: ESET Gelsemium June 2021)
Earth Lusca

Earth Lusca has added the Registry key `HKLM\SYSTEM\ControlSet001\Control\Print\Environments\Windows x64\Print Processors\UDPrint” /v Driver /d “spool.dll /f` to load malware as a Print Processor.(Citation: TrendMicro EarthLusca 2022)
PipeMon

The PipeMon installer has modified the Registry key HKLM\SYSTEM\CurrentControlSet\Control\Print\Environments\Windows x64\Print Processors to install PipeMon as a Print Processor.(Citation: ESET PipeMon May 2020)

Mitigations
Mitigation Description
User Account Management

Manage the creation, modification, use, and permissions associated to user accounts.

Detection

Monitor process API calls to AddPrintProcessor and GetPrintProcessorDirectory. New print processor DLLs are written to the print processor directory. Also monitor Registry writes to HKLM\SYSTEM\ControlSet001\Control\Print\Environments\\[Windows architecture]\Print Processors\\[user defined]\\Driver or HKLM\SYSTEM\CurrentControlSet\Control\Print\Environments\\[Windows architecture]\Print Processors\\[user defined]\Driver as they pertain to print processor installations. Monitor for abnormal DLLs that are loaded by spoolsv.exe. Print processors that do not correlate with known good software or patching may be suspicious.

References

  1. Tartare, M. et al. (2020, May 21). No “Game over” for the Winnti Group. Retrieved August 24, 2020.
  2. Microsoft. (2018, May 31). AddPrintProcessor function. Retrieved October 5, 2020.
  3. Dupuy, T. and Faou, M. (2021, June). Gelsemium. Retrieved November 30, 2021.
  4. Chen, J., et al. (2022). Delving Deep: An Analysis of Earth Lusca’s Operations. Retrieved July 1, 2022.
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