Куда я попал?
SECURITM это SGRC система, ? автоматизирующая процессы в службах информационной безопасности. SECURITM помогает построить и управлять ИСПДн, КИИ, ГИС, СМИБ/СУИБ, банковскими системами защиты.
А еще SECURITM это место для обмена опытом и наработками для служб безопасности.

OS Credential Dumping:  Файловая система proc

Adversaries may gather credentials from the proc filesystem or `/proc`. The proc filesystem is a pseudo-filesystem used as an interface to kernel data structures for Linux based systems managing virtual memory. For each process, the `/proc//maps` file shows how memory is mapped within the process’s virtual address space. And `/proc//mem`, exposed for debugging purposes, provides access to the process’s virtual address space.(Citation: Picus Labs Proc cump 2022)(Citation: baeldung Linux proc map 2022) When executing with root privileges, adversaries can search these memory locations for all processes on a system that contain patterns indicative of credentials. Adversaries may use regex patterns, such as grep -E "^[0-9a-f-]* r" /proc/"$pid"/maps | cut -d' ' -f 1, to look for fixed strings in memory structures or cached hashes.(Citation: atomic-red proc file system) When running without privileged access, processes can still view their own virtual memory locations. Some services or programs may save credentials in clear text inside the process’s memory.(Citation: MimiPenguin GitHub May 2017)(Citation: Polop Linux PrivEsc Gitbook) If running as or with the permissions of a web browser, a process can search the `/maps` & `/mem` locations for common website credential patterns (that can also be used to find adjacent memory within the same structure) in which hashes or cleartext credentials may be located.

ID: T1003.007
Относится к технике:  T1003
Тактика(-и): Credential Access
Платформы: Linux
Источники данных: Command: Command Execution, File: File Access
Версия: 1.2
Дата создания: 11 Feb 2020
Последнее изменение: 15 Oct 2024

Примеры процедур

Название Описание
PACEMAKER

PACEMAKER has the ability to extract credentials from OS memory.(Citation: Mandiant Pulse Secure Zero-Day April 2021)

LaZagne

LaZagne can use the `/maps` and `/mem` files to identify regex patterns to dump cleartext passwords from the browser's process memory.(Citation: GitHub LaZagne Dec 2018)(Citation: Picus Labs Proc cump 2022)

MimiPenguin

MimiPenguin can use the `/maps` and `/mem` file to search for regex patterns and dump the process memory.(Citation: MimiPenguin GitHub May 2017)(Citation: Picus Labs Proc cump 2022)

Контрмеры

Контрмера Описание
Password Policies

Set and enforce secure password policies for accounts.

Privileged Account Management

Manage the creation, modification, use, and permissions associated to privileged accounts, including SYSTEM and root.

Обнаружение

To obtain the passwords and hashes stored in memory, processes must open a maps file in the `/proc` filesystem for the process being analyzed. This file is stored under the path `/proc/PID/maps`, where the `PID` directory is the unique pid of the program being interrogated for such authentication data. The AuditD monitoring tool, which ships stock in many Linux distributions, can be used to watch for hostile processes opening this file in the proc file system, alerting on the pid, process name, and arguments of such programs.

Связанные риски

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Каталоги

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