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MITRE ATT&CK - Technique Audio Capture
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Audio Capture
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Audio Capture

An adversary can leverage a computer's peripheral devices (e.g., microphones and webcams) or applications (e.g., voice and video call services) to capture audio recordings for the purpose of listening into sensitive conversations to gather information.(Citation: ESET Attor Oct 2019) Malware or scripts may be used to interact with the devices through an available API provided by the operating system or an application to capture audio. Audio files may be written to disk and exfiltrated later.

ID: T1123
Tactic(s): Collection
Platforms: Linux, macOS, Windows
Data Sources: Command: Command Execution, Process: OS API Execution
Version: 1.0
Created: 31 May 2017
Last Modified: 15 Oct 2024

Procedure Examples
Name Description
Flame

Flame can record audio using any existing hardware recording devices.(Citation: Kaspersky Flame)(Citation: Kaspersky Flame Functionality)
ROKRAT

ROKRAT has an audio capture and eavesdropping module.(Citation: Securelist ScarCruft May 2019)
Bandook

Bandook has modules that are capable of capturing audio.(Citation: EFF Manul Aug 2016)
PowerSploit

PowerSploit's Get-MicrophoneAudio Exfiltration module can record system microphone audio.(Citation: GitHub PowerSploit May 2012)(Citation: PowerSploit Documentation)
VERMIN

VERMIN can perform audio capture.(Citation: Unit 42 VERMIN Jan 2018)
TajMahal

TajMahal has the ability to capture VoiceIP application audio on an infected host.(Citation: Kaspersky TajMahal April 2019)
Pupy

Pupy can record sound with the microphone.(Citation: GitHub Pupy)
EvilGrab

EvilGrab has the capability to capture audio from a victim machine.(Citation: PWC Cloud Hopper Technical Annex April 2017)
Cadelspy

Cadelspy has the ability to record audio from the compromised host.(Citation: Symantec Chafer Dec 2015)
NanoCore

NanoCore can capture audio feeds from the system.(Citation: DigiTrust NanoCore Jan 2017)(Citation: PaloAlto NanoCore Feb 2016)
Crimson

Crimson can perform audio surveillance using microphones.(Citation: Kaspersky Transparent Tribe August 2020)
MacMa

MacMa has the ability to record audio.(Citation: Objective-See MacMa Nov 2021)
T9000

T9000 uses the Skype API to record audio and video calls. It writes encrypted data to %APPDATA%\Intel\Skype.(Citation: Palo Alto T9000 Feb 2016)
Machete

Machete captures audio from the computer’s microphone.(Citation: Securelist Machete Aug 2014)(Citation: Cylance Machete Mar 2017)(Citation: 360 Machete Sep 2020)
Janicab

Janicab captured audio and sent it out to a C2 server.(Citation: f-secure janicab)(Citation: Janicab)
Cobian RAT

Cobian RAT has a feature to perform voice recording on the victim’s machine.(Citation: Zscaler Cobian Aug 2017)
InvisiMole

InvisiMole can record sound using input audio devices.(Citation: ESET InvisiMole June 2018)(Citation: ESET InvisiMole June 2020)
Revenge RAT

Revenge RAT has a plugin for microphone interception.(Citation: Cylance Shaheen Nov 2018)(Citation: Cofense RevengeRAT Feb 2019)
Derusbi

Derusbi is capable of performing audio captures.(Citation: FireEye Periscope March 2018)
DarkComet

DarkComet can listen in to victims' conversations through the system’s microphone.(Citation: TrendMicro DarkComet Sept 2014)(Citation: Malwarebytes DarkComet March 2018)
MacSpy

MacSpy can record the sounds from microphones on a computer.(Citation: objsee mac malware 2017)
Imminent Monitor

Imminent Monitor has a remote microphone monitoring capability.(Citation: Imminent Unit42 Dec2019)(Citation: QiAnXin APT-C-36 Feb2019)
DOGCALL

DOGCALL can capture microphone data from the victim's machine.(Citation: Unit 42 Nokki Oct 2018)
jRAT

jRAT can capture microphone recordings.(Citation: Kaspersky Adwind Feb 2016)
Remcos

Remcos can capture data from the system’s microphone.(Citation: Fortinet Remcos Feb 2017)
Micropsia

Micropsia can perform microphone recording.(Citation: Radware Micropsia July 2018)
NightClub

NightClub can load a module to leverage the LAME encoder and `mciSendStringW` to control and capture audio.(Citation: MoustachedBouncer ESET August 2023)
APT37

APT37 has used an audio capturing utility known as SOUNDWAVE that captures microphone input.(Citation: FireEye APT37 Feb 2018)
Attor

Attor's has a plugin that is capable of recording audio using available input sound devices.(Citation: ESET Attor Oct 2019)
MgBot

MgBot can capture input and output audio streams from infected devices.(Citation: ESET EvasivePanda 2023)(Citation: Symantec Daggerfly 2023)

Mitigations
Mitigation Description
Audio Capture Mitigation

Mitigating this technique specifically may be difficult as it requires fine-grained API control. Efforts should be focused on preventing unwanted or unknown code from executing on a system. Identify and block potentially malicious software that may be used to record audio by using whitelisting (Citation: Beechey 2010) tools, like AppLocker, (Citation: Windows Commands JPCERT) (Citation: NSA MS AppLocker) or Software Restriction Policies (Citation: Corio 2008) where appropriate. (Citation: TechNet Applocker vs SRP)

Detection

Detection of this technique may be difficult due to the various APIs that may be used. Telemetry data regarding API use may not be useful depending on how a system is normally used, but may provide context to other potentially malicious activity occurring on a system. Behavior that could indicate technique use include an unknown or unusual process accessing APIs associated with devices or software that interact with the microphone, recording devices, or recording software, and a process periodically writing files to disk that contain audio data.

References

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