Hardware Additions
Adversaries may introduce computer accessories, networking hardware, or other computing devices into a system or network that can be used as a vector to gain access. Rather than just connecting and distributing payloads via removable storage (i.e. Replication Through Removable Media), more robust hardware additions can be used to introduce new functionalities and/or features into a system that can then be abused. While public references of usage by threat actors are scarce, many red teams/penetration testers leverage hardware additions for initial access. Commercial and open source products can be leveraged with capabilities such as passive network tapping, network traffic modification (i.e. Adversary-in-the-Middle), keystroke injection, kernel memory reading via DMA, addition of new wireless access to an existing network, and others.(Citation: Ossmann Star Feb 2011)(Citation: Aleks Weapons Nov 2015)(Citation: Frisk DMA August 2016)(Citation: McMillan Pwn March 2012)
Procedure Examples |
|
| Name | Description |
|---|---|
| DarkVishnya |
DarkVishnya used Bash Bunny, Raspberry Pi, netbooks or inexpensive laptops to connect to the company’s local network.(Citation: Securelist DarkVishnya Dec 2018) |
Mitigations |
|
| Mitigation | Description |
|---|---|
| Limit Access to Resource Over Network |
Prevent access to file shares, remote access to systems, unnecessary services. Mechanisms to limit access may include use of network concentrators, RDP gateways, etc. |
| Hardware Additions Mitigation |
Establish network access control policies, such as using device certificates and the 802.1x standard. (Citation: Wikipedia 802.1x) Restrict use of DHCP to registered devices to prevent unregistered devices from communicating with trusted systems. Block unknown devices and accessories by endpoint security configuration and monitoring agent. |
| Limit Hardware Installation |
Block users or groups from installing or using unapproved hardware on systems, including USB devices. |
Detection
Asset management systems may help with the detection of computer systems or network devices that should not exist on a network. Endpoint sensors may be able to detect the addition of hardware via USB, Thunderbolt, and other external device communication ports.
References
- Ulf Frisk. (2016, August 5). Direct Memory Attack the Kernel. Retrieved March 30, 2018.
- Robert McMillan. (2012, March 3). The Pwn Plug is a little white box that can hack your network. Retrieved March 30, 2018.
- Nick Aleks. (2015, November 7). Weapons of a Pentester - Understanding the virtual & physical tools used by white/black hat hackers. Retrieved March 30, 2018.
- Michael Ossmann. (2011, February 17). Throwing Star LAN Tap. Retrieved March 30, 2018.
- Golovanov, S. (2018, December 6). DarkVishnya: Banks attacked through direct connection to local network. Retrieved May 15, 2020.
- Wikipedia. (2018, March 30). IEEE 802.1X. Retrieved April 11, 2018.
Связанные риски
Каталоги
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