MITRE ATT&CK - Техника Выдача доп. прав учетной записи эл. почты Exchange

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Account Manipulation: Выдача доп. прав учетной записи эл. почты Exchange

Other sub-techniques of Account Manipulation (5)

ID	Название
.001	Дополнительные облачные учетные данные
.002	Выдача доп. прав учетной записи эл. почты Exchange
.003	Добавление роли глобального администратора Office 365
.004	Изменение авторизованных SSH-ключей
.005	Регистрация устройства

Adversaries may grant additional permission levels to maintain persistent access to an adversary-controlled email account. For example, the Add-MailboxPermission PowerShell cmdlet, available in on-premises Exchange and in the cloud-based service Office 365, adds permissions to a mailbox.(Citation: Microsoft - Add-MailboxPermission)(Citation: FireEye APT35 2018)(Citation: Crowdstrike Hiding in Plain Sight 2018) In Google Workspace, delegation can be enabled via the Google Admin console and users can delegate accounts via their Gmail settings.(Citation: Gmail Delegation)(Citation: Google Ensuring Your Information is Safe) Adversaries may also assign mailbox folder permissions through individual folder permissions or roles. In Office 365 environments, adversaries may assign the Default or Anonymous user permissions or roles to the Top of Information Store (root), Inbox, or other mailbox folders. By assigning one or both user permissions to a folder, the adversary can utilize any other account in the tenant to maintain persistence to the target user’s mail folders.(Citation: Remediation and Hardening Strategies for Microsoft 365 to Defend Against UNC2452) This may be used in persistent threat incidents as well as BEC (Business Email Compromise) incidents where an adversary can add Additional Cloud Roles to the accounts they wish to compromise. This may further enable use of additional techniques for gaining access to systems. For example, compromised business accounts are often used to send messages to other accounts in the network of the target business while creating inbox rules (ex: Internal Spearphishing), so the messages evade spam/phishing detection mechanisms.(Citation: Bienstock, D. - Defending O365 - 2019)

ID: T1098.002

Относится к технике: T1098

Тактика(-и): Persistence

Платформы: Google Workspace, Office 365, Windows

Источники данных: Application Log: Application Log Content, Group: Group Modification, User Account: User Account Modification

Версия: 2.0

Дата создания: 19 Jan 2020

Последнее изменение: 19 Apr 2022

Название	Описание
Примеры процедур
UNC2452	UNC2452 added their own devices as allowed IDs for active sync using `Set-CASMailbox`, allowing it to obtain copies of victim mailboxes. It also added additional permissions (such as Mail.Read and Mail.ReadWrite) to compromised Application or Service Principals.(Citation: Volexity SolarWinds)(Citation: Microsoft - Customer Guidance on Recent Nation-State Cyber Attacks)
APT29	APT29 added their own devices as allowed IDs for active sync using `Set-CASMailbox`, allowing it to obtain copies of victim mailboxes. It also added additional permissions (such as Mail.Read and Mail.ReadWrite) to compromised Application or Service Principals.(Citation: Volexity SolarWinds)(Citation: Microsoft - Customer Guidance on Recent Nation-State Cyber Attacks)(Citation: MSTIC Nobelium Oct 2021)
Magic Hound	Magic Hound granted compromised email accounts read access to the email boxes of additional targeted accounts. The group then was able to authenticate to the intended victim's OWA (Outlook Web Access) portal and read hundreds of email communications for information on Middle East organizations.(Citation: FireEye APT35 2018)
APT28	APT28 has used a Powershell cmdlet to grant the `ApplicationImpersonation` role to a compromised account.(Citation: Cybersecurity Advisory GRU Brute Force Campaign July 2021)

Контрмера	Описание
Контрмеры
Privileged Account Management	Manage the creation, modification, use, and permissions associated to privileged accounts, including SYSTEM and root.
Multi-factor Authentication	Use two or more pieces of evidence to authenticate to a system; such as username and password in addition to a token from a physical smart card or token generator.
Disable or Remove Feature or Program	Remove or deny access to unnecessary and potentially vulnerable software to prevent abuse by adversaries.

Обнаружение

Monitor for unusual Exchange and Office 365 email account permissions changes that may indicate excessively broad permissions being granted to compromised accounts. Enable the UpdateFolderPermissions action for all logon types. The mailbox audit log will forward folder permission modification events to the Unified Audit Log. Create rules to alert on ModifyFolderPermissions operations where the Anonymous or Default user is assigned permissions other than None. A larger than normal volume of emails sent from an account and similar phishing emails sent from  real accounts within a network may be a sign that an account was compromised and attempts to leverage access with modified email permissions is occurring.

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