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Access Token Manipulation: Кража токена и имперсонация

Other sub-techniques of Access Token Manipulation (5)

ID	Название
.001	Кража токена и имперсонация
.002	Создание процесса с помощью токена
.003	Создание токена и имперсонация
.004	Подмена родительского PID
.005	Внедрение в sIDHistory

Adversaries may duplicate then impersonate another user's existing token to escalate privileges and bypass access controls. For example, an adversary can duplicate an existing token using `DuplicateToken` or `DuplicateTokenEx`.(Citation: DuplicateToken function) The token can then be used with `ImpersonateLoggedOnUser` to allow the calling thread to impersonate a logged on user's security context, or with `SetThreadToken` to assign the impersonated token to a thread. An adversary may perform Token Impersonation/Theft when they have a specific, existing process they want to assign the duplicated token to. For example, this may be useful for when the target user has a non-network logon session on the system. When an adversary would instead use a duplicated token to create a new process rather than attaching to an existing process, they can additionally Create Process with Token using `CreateProcessWithTokenW` or `CreateProcessAsUserW`. Token Impersonation/Theft is also distinct from Make and Impersonate Token in that it refers to duplicating an existing token, rather than creating a new one.

ID: T1134.001

Относится к технике: T1134

Тактика(-и): Defense Evasion, Privilege Escalation

Платформы: Windows

Источники данных: Command: Command Execution, Process: OS API Execution

Версия: 1.2

Дата создания: 18 Feb 2020

Последнее изменение: 10 Jan 2024

Название	Описание
Примеры процедур
FinFisher	FinFisher uses token manipulation with NtFilterToken as part of UAC bypass.(Citation: FinFisher Citation)(Citation: Microsoft FinFisher March 2018)
Emotet	Emotet has the ability to duplicate the user’s token.(Citation: Binary Defense Emotes Wi-Fi Spreader) For example, Emotet may use a variant of Google’s ProtoBuf to send messages that specify how code will be executed.(Citation: emotet_hc3_nov2023)
Stuxnet	Stuxnet attempts to impersonate an anonymous token to enumerate bindings in the service control manager.(Citation: Nicolas Falliere, Liam O Murchu, Eric Chien February 2011)
	During HomeLand Justice, threat actors used custom tooling to acquire tokens using `ImpersonateLoggedOnUser/SetThreadToken`.(Citation: Microsoft Albanian Government Attacks September 2022)
Cobalt Strike	Cobalt Strike can steal access tokens from exiting processes.(Citation: cobaltstrike manual)(Citation: Cobalt Strike Manual 4.3 November 2020)
Tarrask	Tarrask leverages token theft to obtain `lsass.exe` security permissions.(Citation: Tarrask scheduled task)
Cobalt Strike	Cobalt Strike can steal access tokens from exiting processes.(Citation: cobaltstrike manual)
SILENTTRINITY	SILENTTRINITY can find a process owned by a specific user and impersonate the associated token.(Citation: GitHub SILENTTRINITY Modules July 2019)
BitPaymer	BitPaymer can use the tokens of users to create processes on infected systems.(Citation: Crowdstrike Indrik November 2018)
Shamoon	Shamoon can impersonate tokens using `LogonUser`, `ImpersonateLoggedOnUser`, and `ImpersonateNamedPipeClient`.(Citation: McAfee Shamoon December 2018)
Okrum	Okrum can impersonate a logged-on user's security context using a call to the ImpersonateLoggedOnUser API.(Citation: ESET Okrum July 2019)
Aria-body	Aria-body has the ability to duplicate a token from ntprint.exe.(Citation: CheckPoint Naikon May 2020)
APT28	APT28 has used CVE-2015-1701 to access the SYSTEM token and copy it into the current process as part of privilege escalation.(Citation: FireEye Op RussianDoll)
REvil	REvil can obtain the token from the user that launched the explorer.exe process to avoid affecting the desktop of the SYSTEM user.(Citation: McAfee Sodinokibi October 2019)
Pupy	Pupy can obtain a list of SIDs and provide the option for selecting process tokens to impersonate.(Citation: GitHub Pupy)
BADHATCH	BADHATCH can impersonate a `lsass.exe` or `vmtoolsd.exe` token.(Citation: BitDefender BADHATCH Mar 2021)
Siloscape	Siloscape impersonates the main thread of `CExecSvc.exe` by calling `NtImpersonateThread`.(Citation: Unit 42 Siloscape Jun 2021)
FIN8	FIN8 has used a malicious framework designed to impersonate the lsass.exe/vmtoolsd.exe token.(Citation: Bitdefender FIN8 July 2021)(Citation: Symantec FIN8 Jul 2023)

Контрмера	Описание
Контрмеры
User Account Management	Manage the creation, modification, use, and permissions associated to user accounts.
Privileged Account Management	Manage the creation, modification, use, and permissions associated to privileged accounts, including SYSTEM and root.

Обнаружение

If an adversary is using a standard command-line shell, analysts can detect token manipulation by auditing command-line activity. Specifically, analysts should look for use of the runas command. Detailed command-line logging is not enabled by default in Windows.(Citation: Microsoft Command-line Logging) Analysts can also monitor for use of Windows APIs such as DuplicateToken(Ex), ImpersonateLoggedOnUser , and SetThreadToken and correlate activity with other suspicious behavior to reduce false positives that may be due to normal benign use by users and administrators.

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