Cервис управления информационной безопасностью
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MITRE ATT&CK - Technique Domain Trust Discovery
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Domain Trust Discovery
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Domain Trust Discovery

Adversaries may attempt to gather information on domain trust relationships that may be used to identify lateral movement opportunities in Windows multi-domain/forest environments. Domain trusts provide a mechanism for a domain to allow access to resources based on the authentication procedures of another domain.(Citation: Microsoft Trusts) Domain trusts allow the users of the trusted domain to access resources in the trusting domain. The information discovered may help the adversary conduct SID-History Injection, Pass the Ticket, and Kerberoasting.(Citation: AdSecurity Forging Trust Tickets)(Citation: Harmj0y Domain Trusts) Domain trusts can be enumerated using the `DSEnumerateDomainTrusts()` Win32 API call, .NET methods, and LDAP.(Citation: Harmj0y Domain Trusts) The Windows utility Nltest is known to be used by adversaries to enumerate domain trusts.(Citation: Microsoft Operation Wilysupply)

ID: T1482
Tactic(s): Discovery
Platforms: Windows
Data Sources: Command: Command Execution, Network Traffic: Network Traffic Content, Process: OS API Execution, Process: Process Creation, Script: Script Execution
Version: 1.2
Created: 14 Feb 2019
Last Modified: 16 Jun 2022

Procedure Examples
Name Description
Empire

Empire has modules for enumerating domain trusts.(Citation: Github PowerShell Empire)
Bazar

Bazar can use Nltest tools to obtain information about the domain.(Citation: Cybereason Bazar July 2020)(Citation: NCC Group Team9 June 2020)
AdFind

AdFind can gather information about organizational units (OUs) and domain trusts from Active Directory.(Citation: Red Canary Hospital Thwarted Ryuk October 2020)(Citation: FireEye FIN6 Apr 2019)(Citation: FireEye Ryuk and Trickbot January 2019)(Citation: Symantec Bumblebee June 2022)
Chimera

Chimera has nltest /domain_trusts to identify domain trust relationships.(Citation: NCC Group Chimera January 2021)
APT29

APT29 used the Get-AcceptedDomain PowerShell cmdlet to enumerate accepted domains through an Exchange Management Shell.(Citation: Volexity SolarWinds) They also used AdFind to enumerate domains and to discover trust between federated domains.(Citation: Microsoft Deep Dive Solorigate January 2021)(Citation: CrowdStrike StellarParticle January 2022)
Nltest

Nltest may be used to enumerate trusted domains by using commands such as nltest /domain_trusts.(Citation: Nltest Manual)(Citation: Fortinet TrickBot)
UNC2452

UNC2452 used the Get-AcceptedDomain PowerShell cmdlet to enumerate accepted domains through an Exchange Management Shell.(Citation: Volexity SolarWinds) They also used AdFind to enumerate domains and to discover trust between federated domains.(Citation: Microsoft Deep Dive Solorigate January 2021)
QakBot

QakBot can run nltest /domain_trusts /all_trusts for domain trust discovery.(Citation: Kaspersky QakBot September 2021)
Earth Lusca

Earth Lusca has used Nltest to obtain information about domain controllers.(Citation: TrendMicro EarthLusca 2022)
BloodHound

BloodHound has the ability to map domain trusts and identify misconfigurations for potential abuse.(Citation: CrowdStrike BloodHound April 2018)
PoshC2

PoshC2 has modules for enumerating domain trusts.(Citation: GitHub PoshC2)
dsquery

dsquery can be used to gather information on domain trusts with dsquery * -filter "(objectClass=trustedDomain)" -attr *.(Citation: Harmj0y Domain Trusts)
Wizard Spider

Wizard Spider has used AdFind.exe to collect information about Active Directory organizational units and trust objects.(Citation: FireEye Ryuk and Trickbot January 2019)
PowerSploit

PowerSploit has modules such as Get-NetDomainTrust and Get-NetForestTrust to enumerate domain and forest trusts.(Citation: GitHub PowerSploit May 2012)(Citation: PowerSploit Documentation)
TrickBot

TrickBot can gather information about domain trusts by utilizing Nltest.(Citation: Fortinet TrickBot)(Citation: Cyberreason Anchor December 2019)
FIN8

FIN8 has retrieved a list of trusted domains by using Nltest.exe /domain_trusts.(Citation: Bitdefender FIN8 July 2021)

During C0015, the threat actors used the command `nltest /domain_trusts /all_trusts` to enumerate domain trusts.(Citation: DFIR Conti Bazar Nov 2021)

Mitigations
Mitigation Description
Audit

Perform audits or scans of systems, permissions, insecure software, insecure configurations, etc. to identify potential weaknesses.
Network Segmentation

Architect sections of the network to isolate critical systems, functions, or resources. Use physical and logical segmentation to prevent access to potentially sensitive systems and information. Use a DMZ to contain any internet-facing services that should not be exposed from the internal network. Configure separate virtual private cloud (VPC) instances to isolate critical cloud systems.
Domain Trust Discovery Mitigation

Map the trusts within existing domains/forests and keep trust relationships to a minimum. Employ network segmentation for sensitive domains.(Citation: Harmj0y Domain Trusts)

Detection

System and network discovery techniques normally occur throughout an operation as an adversary learns the environment. Data and events should not be viewed in isolation but as part of a chain of behavior that could lead to other activities based on the information obtained. Monitor processes and command-line arguments for actions that could be taken to gather system and network information, such as `nltest /domain_trusts`. Remote access tools with built-in features may interact directly with the Windows API to gather information. Look for the `DSEnumerateDomainTrusts()` Win32 API call to spot activity associated with Domain Trust Discovery.(Citation: Harmj0y Domain Trusts) Information may also be acquired through Windows system management tools such as PowerShell. The .NET method `GetAllTrustRelationships()` can be an indicator of Domain Trust Discovery.(Citation: Microsoft GetAllTrustRelationships)

References

  1. Goody, K., et al (2019, January 11). A Nasty Trick: From Credential Theft Malware to Business Disruption. Retrieved May 12, 2020.
  2. Schroeder, W. (2017, October 30). A Guide to Attacking Domain Trusts. Retrieved February 14, 2019.
  3. Microsoft. (n.d.). Domain.GetAllTrustRelationships Method. Retrieved February 14, 2019.
  4. Microsoft. (2009, October 7). Trust Technologies. Retrieved February 14, 2019.
  5. Metcalf, S. (2015, July 15). It’s All About Trust – Forging Kerberos Trust Tickets to Spoof Access across Active Directory Trusts. Retrieved February 14, 2019.
  6. Florio, E.. (2017, May 4). Windows Defender ATP thwarts Operation WilySupply software supply chain cyberattack. Retrieved February 14, 2019.
  7. DFIR Report. (2021, November 29). CONTInuing the Bazar Ransomware Story. Retrieved September 29, 2022.
  8. Red Team Labs. (2018, April 24). Hidden Administrative Accounts: BloodHound to the Rescue. Retrieved October 28, 2020.
  9. Pantazopoulos, N. (2020, June 2). In-depth analysis of the new Team9 malware family. Retrieved December 1, 2020.
  10. Cybereason Nocturnus. (2020, July 16). A BAZAR OF TRICKS: FOLLOWING TEAM9’S DEVELOPMENT CYCLES. Retrieved November 18, 2020.
  11. Martin Zugec. (2021, July 27). Deep Dive Into a FIN8 Attack - A Forensic Investigation. Retrieved September 1, 2021.
  12. Nettitude. (2018, July 23). Python Server for PoshC2. Retrieved April 23, 2019.
  13. CrowdStrike. (2022, January 27). Early Bird Catches the Wormhole: Observations from the StellarParticle Campaign. Retrieved February 7, 2022.
  14. MSTIC, CDOC, 365 Defender Research Team. (2021, January 20). Deep dive into the Solorigate second-stage activation: From SUNBURST to TEARDROP and Raindrop . Retrieved January 22, 2021.
  15. Cash, D. et al. (2020, December 14). Dark Halo Leverages SolarWinds Compromise to Breach Organizations. Retrieved December 29, 2020.
  16. Kuzmenko, A. et al. (2021, September 2). QakBot technical analysis. Retrieved September 27, 2021.
  17. Jansen, W . (2021, January 12). Abusing cloud services to fly under the radar. Retrieved January 19, 2021.
  18. PowerSploit. (n.d.). PowerSploit. Retrieved February 6, 2018.
  19. PowerShellMafia. (2012, May 26). PowerSploit - A PowerShell Post-Exploitation Framework. Retrieved February 6, 2018.
  20. Dahan, A. et al. (2019, December 11). DROPPING ANCHOR: FROM A TRICKBOT INFECTION TO THE DISCOVERY OF THE ANCHOR MALWARE. Retrieved September 10, 2020.
  21. Bacurio Jr., F. and Salvio, J. (2018, April 9). Trickbot’s New Reconnaissance Plugin. Retrieved February 14, 2019.
  22. ss64. (n.d.). NLTEST.exe - Network Location Test. Retrieved February 14, 2019.
  23. Chen, J., et al. (2022). Delving Deep: An Analysis of Earth Lusca’s Operations. Retrieved July 1, 2022.
  24. Schroeder, W., Warner, J., Nelson, M. (n.d.). Github PowerShellEmpire. Retrieved April 28, 2016.
  25. McKeague, B. et al. (2019, April 5). Pick-Six: Intercepting a FIN6 Intrusion, an Actor Recently Tied to Ryuk and LockerGoga Ransomware. Retrieved April 17, 2019.
  26. Kamble, V. (2022, June 28). Bumblebee: New Loader Rapidly Assuming Central Position in Cyber-crime Ecosystem. Retrieved August 24, 2022.
  27. Brian Donohue, Katie Nickels, Paul Michaud, Adina Bodkins, Taylor Chapman, Tony Lambert, Jeff Felling, Kyle Rainey, Mike Haag, Matt Graeber, Aaron Didier.. (2020, October 29). A Bazar start: How one hospital thwarted a Ryuk ransomware outbreak. Retrieved October 30, 2020.
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Связанные риски

КЦД
STRIDE
Иное
Риск Связи
Раскрытие информации об ИТ инфраструктуре из-за возможности обнаружения или добавления доверительных отношений между доменами в доменных службах Active Directory
Конфиденциальность Раскрытие информации
Повышение привилегий в ОС из-за возможности обнаружения или добавления доверительных отношений между доменами microsoft Azure
Повышение привилегий Целостность
Повышение привилегий в ОС из-за возможности обнаружения или добавления доверительных отношений между доменами в доменных службах Active Directory
Повышение привилегий Целостность

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