Non-Standard Port
Adversaries may communicate using a protocol and port paring that are typically not associated. For example, HTTPS over port 8088(Citation: Symantec Elfin Mar 2019) or port 587(Citation: Fortinet Agent Tesla April 2018) as opposed to the traditional port 443. Adversaries may make changes to the standard port used by a protocol to bypass filtering or muddle analysis/parsing of network data.
Procedure Examples |
|
Name | Description |
---|---|
WIRTE |
WIRTE has used HTTPS over ports 2083 and 2087 for C2.(Citation: Kaspersky WIRTE November 2021) |
Silence |
Silence has used port 444 when sending data about the system from the client to the server.(Citation: Group IB Silence Sept 2018) |
PingPull |
PingPull can use HTTPS over port 8080 for C2.(Citation: Unit 42 PingPull Jun 2022) |
Emotet |
Emotet has used HTTP over ports such as 20, 22, 7080, and 50000, in addition to using ports commonly associated with HTTP/S.(Citation: Talos Emotet Jan 2019) |
StrongPity |
StrongPity has used HTTPS over port 1402 in C2 communication.(Citation: Bitdefender StrongPity June 2020) |
PoetRAT |
PoetRAT used TLS to encrypt communications over port 143(Citation: Talos PoetRAT April 2020) |
GoldenSpy |
GoldenSpy has used HTTP over ports 9005 and 9006 for network traffic, 9002 for C2 requests, 33666 as a WebSocket, and 8090 to download files.(Citation: Trustwave GoldenSpy June 2020) |
SUGARUSH |
SUGARUSH has used port 4585 for a TCP connection to its C2.(Citation: Mandiant UNC3890 Aug 2022) |
During Operation Wocao, the threat actors used uncommon high ports for its backdoor C2, including ports 25667 and 470000.(Citation: FoxIT Wocao December 2019) |
|
WellMail |
WellMail has been observed using TCP port 25, without using SMTP, to leverage an open port for secure command and control communications.(Citation: CISA WellMail July 2020)(Citation: NCSC APT29 July 2020) |
HOPLIGHT |
HOPLIGHT has connected outbound over TCP port 443 with a FakeTLS method.(Citation: US-CERT HOPLIGHT Apr 2019) |
ZxShell |
ZxShell can use ports 1985 and 1986 in HTTP/S communication.(Citation: Talos ZxShell Oct 2014) |
MoonWind |
MoonWind communicates over ports 80, 443, 53, and 8080 via raw sockets instead of the protocols usually associated with the ports.(Citation: Palo Alto MoonWind March 2017) |
APT32 |
An APT32 backdoor can use HTTP over a non-standard TCP port (e.g 14146) which is specified in the backdoor configuration.(Citation: ESET OceanLotus Mar 2019) |
HARDRAIN |
HARDRAIN binds and listens on port 443 with a FakeTLS method.(Citation: US-CERT HARDRAIN March 2018) |
Metamorfo |
Metamorfo has communicated with hosts over raw TCP on port 9999.(Citation: FireEye Metamorfo Apr 2018) |
BendyBear |
BendyBear has used a custom RC4 and XOR encrypted protocol over port 443 for C2.(Citation: Unit42 BendyBear Feb 2021) |
Sandworm Team |
Sandworm Team has used port 6789 to accept connections on the group's SSH server.(Citation: ESET BlackEnergy Jan 2016) |
TEMP.Veles |
TEMP.Veles has used port-protocol mismatches on ports such as 443, 4444, 8531, and 50501 during C2.(Citation: FireEye TRITON 2019) |
Lazarus Group |
Some Lazarus Group malware uses a list of ordered port numbers to choose a port for C2 traffic, creating port-protocol mismatches.(Citation: Novetta Blockbuster)(Citation: Novetta Blockbuster RATs) |
njRAT |
njRAT has used port 1177 for HTTP C2 communications.(Citation: Trend Micro njRAT 2018) |
FIN7 |
FIN7 has used port-protocol mismatches on ports such as 53, 80, 443, and 8080 during C2.(Citation: FireEye FIN7 Aug 2018) |
MacMa |
MacMa has used TCP port 5633 for C2 Communication.(Citation: ESET DazzleSpy Jan 2022) |
Derusbi |
Derusbi has used unencrypted HTTP on port 443 for C2.(Citation: Fidelis Turbo) |
RTM |
RTM used Port 44443 for its VNC module.(Citation: ESET RTM Feb 2017) |
Magic Hound |
Magic Hound malware has communicated with its C2 server over TCP port 4443 using HTTP.(Citation: Unit 42 Magic Hound Feb 2017) |
TrickBot |
Some TrickBot samples have used HTTP over ports 447 and 8082 for C2.(Citation: S2 Grupo TrickBot June 2017)(Citation: Fidelis TrickBot Oct 2016)(Citation: Trend Micro Totbrick Oct 2016) Newer versions of TrickBot have been known to use a custom communication protocol which sends the data unencrypted over port 443. (Citation: Bitdefender Trickbot VNC module Whitepaper 2021) |
QuasarRAT |
QuasarRAT can use port 4782 on the compromised host for TCP callbacks.(Citation: CISA AR18-352A Quasar RAT December 2018) |
BADCALL |
BADCALL communicates on ports 443 and 8000 with a FakeTLS method.(Citation: US-CERT BADCALL) |
DarkVishnya |
DarkVishnya used ports 5190 and 7900 for shellcode listeners, and 4444, 4445, 31337 for shellcode C2.(Citation: Securelist DarkVishnya Dec 2018) |
TYPEFRAME |
TYPEFRAME has used ports 443, 8080, and 8443 with a FakeTLS method.(Citation: US-CERT TYPEFRAME June 2018) |
APT-C-36 |
APT-C-36 has used port 4050 for C2 communications.(Citation: QiAnXin APT-C-36 Feb2019) |
GravityRAT |
GravityRAT has used HTTP over a non-standard port, such as TCP port 46769.(Citation: Talos GravityRAT) |
APT33 |
APT33 has used HTTP over TCP ports 808 and 880 for command and control.(Citation: Symantec Elfin Mar 2019) |
Bankshot |
Bankshot binds and listens on port 1058 for HTTP traffic while also utilizing a FakeTLS method.(Citation: US-CERT Bankshot Dec 2017) |
RedLeaves |
RedLeaves can use HTTP over non-standard ports, such as 995, for C2.(Citation: PWC Cloud Hopper Technical Annex April 2017) |
Cyclops Blink |
Cyclops Blink can use non-standard ports for C2 not typically associated with HTTP or HTTPS traffic.(Citation: NCSC Cyclops Blink February 2022) |
Rocke |
Rocke's miner connects to a C2 server using port 51640.(Citation: Anomali Rocke March 2019) |
Mitigations |
|
Mitigation | Description |
---|---|
Network Segmentation |
Architect sections of the network to isolate critical systems, functions, or resources. Use physical and logical segmentation to prevent access to potentially sensitive systems and information. Use a DMZ to contain any internet-facing services that should not be exposed from the internal network. Configure separate virtual private cloud (VPC) instances to isolate critical cloud systems. |
Network Intrusion Prevention |
Use intrusion detection signatures to block traffic at network boundaries. |
Detection
Analyze packet contents to detect communications that do not follow the expected protocol behavior for the port that is being used. Analyze network data for uncommon data flows (e.g., a client sending significantly more data than it receives from a server). Processes utilizing the network that do not normally have network communication or have never been seen before are suspicious.(Citation: University of Birmingham C2)
References
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Связанные риски
Каталоги
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