Proxy: Внутренний прокси-сервер
Other sub-techniques of Proxy (4)
Adversaries may use an internal proxy to direct command and control traffic between two or more systems in a compromised environment. Many tools exist that enable traffic redirection through proxies or port redirection, including HTRAN, ZXProxy, and ZXPortMap. (Citation: Trend Micro APT Attack Tools) Adversaries use internal proxies to manage command and control communications inside a compromised environment, to reduce the number of simultaneous outbound network connections, to provide resiliency in the face of connection loss, or to ride over existing trusted communications paths between infected systems to avoid suspicion. Internal proxy connections may use common peer-to-peer (p2p) networking protocols, such as SMB, to better blend in with the environment. By using a compromised internal system as a proxy, adversaries may conceal the true destination of C2 traffic while reducing the need for numerous connections to external systems.
Примеры процедур |
|
| Название | Описание |
|---|---|
| Pay2Key |
Pay2Key has designated machines in the compromised network to serve as reverse proxy pivot points to channel communications with C2.(Citation: ClearkSky Fox Kitten February 2020)(Citation: Check Point Pay2Key November 2020) |
| Duqu |
Duqu can be configured to have commands relayed over a peer-to-peer network of infected hosts if some of the hosts do not have Internet access.(Citation: Symantec W32.Duqu) |
| CHOPSTICK |
CHOPSTICK used a proxy server between victims and the C2 server.(Citation: ESET Sednit Part 2) |
| Drovorub |
Drovorub can use a port forwarding rule on its agent module to relay network traffic through the client module to a remote host on the same network.(Citation: NSA/FBI Drovorub August 2020) |
| Cobalt Strike |
Cobalt Strike can be configured to have commands relayed over a peer-to-peer network of infected hosts. This can be used to limit the number of egress points, or provide access to a host without direct internet access.(Citation: cobaltstrike manual)(Citation: Cobalt Strike Manual 4.3 November 2020) |
| Higaisa |
Higaisa discovered system proxy settings and used them if available.(Citation: Zscaler Higaisa 2020) |
| Mythic |
Mythic can leverage a peer-to-peer C2 profile between agents.(Citation: Mythc Documentation) |
| Winnti for Windows |
The Winnti for Windows HTTP/S C2 mode can make use of a local proxy.(Citation: Novetta Winnti April 2015) |
| Strider |
Strider has used local servers with both local network and Internet access to act as internal proxy nodes to exfiltrate data from other parts of the network without direct Internet access.(Citation: Kaspersky ProjectSauron Blog) |
| MiniDuke |
MiniDuke can can use a named pipe to forward communications from one compromised machine with internet access to other compromised machines.(Citation: ESET Dukes October 2019) |
| FatDuke |
FatDuke can used pipes to connect machines with restricted internet access to remote machines via other infected hosts.(Citation: ESET Dukes October 2019) |
| Kazuar |
Kazuar has used internal nodes on the compromised network for C2 communications.(Citation: Accenture HyperStack October 2020) |
| BACKSPACE |
The "ZJ" variant of BACKSPACE allows "ZJ link" infections with Internet access to relay traffic from "ZJ listen" to a command server.(Citation: FireEye APT30) |
| APT29 |
APT29 has used SSH port forwarding capabilities on public-facing systems, and configured at least one instance of Cobalt Strike to use a network pipe over SMB during the 2020 SolarWinds intrusion.(Citation: Symantec RAINDROP January 2021)(Citation: CrowdStrike StellarParticle January 2022) |
| Turla |
Turla has compromised internal network systems to act as a proxy to forward traffic to C2.(Citation: Talos TinyTurla September 2021) |
| InvisiMole |
InvisiMole can function as a proxy to create a server that relays communication between the client and C&C server, or between two clients.(Citation: ESET InvisiMole June 2018) |
| Lazarus Group |
Lazarus Group has used a compromised router to serve as a proxy between a victim network's corporate and restricted segments.(Citation: Kaspersky ThreatNeedle Feb 2021) |
|
During Operation Wocao, threat actors proxied traffic through multiple infected systems.(Citation: FoxIT Wocao December 2019) |
|
| Operation Wocao |
Operation Wocao can proxy traffic through multiple infected systems.(Citation: FoxIT Wocao December 2019) |
| Cobalt Strike |
Cobalt Strike can be configured to have commands relayed over a peer-to-peer network of infected hosts. This can be used to limit the number of egress points, or provide access to a host without direct internet access.(Citation: cobaltstrike manual) |
| Hikit |
Hikit supports peer connections.(Citation: Novetta-Axiom) |
| APT39 |
APT39 used custom tools to create SOCK5 and custom protocol proxies between infected hosts.(Citation: FireEye APT39 Jan 2019)(Citation: BitDefender Chafer May 2020) |
| Stuxnet |
Stuxnet installs an RPC server for P2P communications.(Citation: Symantec W.32 Stuxnet Dossier) |
| UNC2452 |
UNC2452 configured at least one instance of Cobalt Strike to use a network pipe over SMB during the 2020 SolarWinds intrusion.(Citation: Symantec RAINDROP January 2021) |
Контрмеры |
|
| Контрмера | Описание |
|---|---|
| Network Intrusion Prevention |
Use intrusion detection signatures to block traffic at network boundaries. |
Обнаружение
Analyze network data for uncommon data flows between clients that should not or often do not communicate with one another. Processes utilizing the network that do not normally have network communication or have never been seen before are suspicious. Analyze packet contents to detect communications that do not follow the expected protocol behavior for the port that is being used.(Citation: University of Birmingham C2)
Ссылки
- Dantzig, M. v., Schamper, E. (2019, December 19). Operation Wocao: Shining a light on one of China’s hidden hacking groups. Retrieved October 8, 2020.
- Strategic Cyber LLC. (2017, March 14). Cobalt Strike Manual. Retrieved May 24, 2017.
- Gardiner, J., Cova, M., Nagaraja, S. (2014, February). Command & Control Understanding, Denying and Detecting. Retrieved April 20, 2016.
- Wilhoit, K. (2013, March 4). In-Depth Look: APT Attack Tools of the Trade. Retrieved December 2, 2015.
- Novetta. (n.d.). Operation SMN: Axiom Threat Actor Group Report. Retrieved November 12, 2014.
- Kaspersky Lab's Global Research & Analysis Team. (2016, August 8). ProjectSauron: top level cyber-espionage platform covertly extracts encrypted government comms. Retrieved August 17, 2016.
- Thomas, C. (n.d.). Mythc Documentation. Retrieved March 25, 2022.
- Nicolas Falliere, Liam O. Murchu, Eric Chien. (2011, February). W32.Stuxnet Dossier. Retrieved December 7, 2020.
- Singh, S. Singh, A. (2020, June 11). The Return on the Higaisa APT. Retrieved March 2, 2021.
- Strategic Cyber LLC. (2020, November 5). Cobalt Strike: Advanced Threat Tactics for Penetration Testers. Retrieved April 13, 2021.
- Strategic Cyber LLC. (2017, March 14). Cobalt Strike Manual. Retrieved May 24, 2017.
- Cisco Talos. (2021, September 21). TinyTurla - Turla deploys new malware to keep a secret backdoor on victim machines. Retrieved December 2, 2021.
- NSA/FBI. (2020, August). Russian GRU 85th GTsSS Deploys Previously Undisclosed Drovorub Malware. Retrieved August 25, 2020.
- CrowdStrike. (2022, January 27). Early Bird Catches the Wormhole: Observations from the StellarParticle Campaign. Retrieved February 7, 2022.
- Symantec Threat Hunter Team. (2021, January 18). Raindrop: New Malware Discovered in SolarWinds Investigation. Retrieved January 19, 2021.
- Symantec Security Response. (2011, November). W32.Duqu: The precursor to the next Stuxnet. Retrieved September 17, 2015.
- Vyacheslav Kopeytsev and Seongsu Park. (2021, February 25). Lazarus targets defense industry with ThreatNeedle. Retrieved October 27, 2021.
- Dantzig, M. v., Schamper, E. (2019, December 19). Operation Wocao: Shining a light on one of China’s hidden hacking groups. Retrieved October 8, 2020.
- Check Point. (2020, November 6). Ransomware Alert: Pay2Key. Retrieved January 4, 2021.
- ClearSky. (2020, February 16). Fox Kitten – Widespread Iranian Espionage-Offensive Campaign. Retrieved December 21, 2020.
- Faou, M., Tartare, M., Dupuy, T. (2019, October). OPERATION GHOST. Retrieved September 23, 2020.
- Rusu, B. (2020, May 21). Iranian Chafer APT Targeted Air Transportation and Government in Kuwait and Saudi Arabia. Retrieved May 22, 2020.
- Hawley et al. (2019, January 29). APT39: An Iranian Cyber Espionage Group Focused on Personal Information. Retrieved February 19, 2019.
- ESET. (2016, October). En Route with Sednit - Part 2: Observing the Comings and Goings. Retrieved November 21, 2016.
- FireEye Labs. (2015, April). APT30 AND THE MECHANICS OF A LONG-RUNNING CYBER ESPIONAGE OPERATION. Retrieved May 1, 2015.
- Hromcová, Z. (2018, June 07). InvisiMole: Surprisingly equipped spyware, undercover since 2013. Retrieved July 10, 2018.
- Accenture. (2020, October). Turla uses HyperStack, Carbon, and Kazuar to compromise government entity. Retrieved December 2, 2020.
- Novetta Threat Research Group. (2015, April 7). Winnti Analysis. Retrieved February 8, 2017.
Связанные риски
Каталоги
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