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MITRE ATT&CK - Инструмент WhisperGate
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WhisperGate

WhisperGate is a multi-stage wiper designed to look like ransomware that has been used against multiple government, non-profit, and information technology organizations in Ukraine since at least January 2022.(Citation: Cybereason WhisperGate February 2022)(Citation: Unit 42 WhisperGate January 2022)(Citation: Microsoft WhisperGate January 2022)
ID: S0689
Type: MALWARE
Platforms: Windows
Version: 1.2
Created: 10 Mar 2022
Last Modified: 10 Apr 2024

Techniques Used
Domain ID Name Use
Enterprise T1134 .002 Access Token Manipulation: Create Process with Token

The WhisperGate third stage can use the AdvancedRun.exe tool to execute commands in the context of the Windows TrustedInstaller group via `%TEMP%\AdvancedRun.exe" /EXEFilename "C:\Windows\System32\sc.exe" /WindowState 0 /CommandLine "stop WinDefend" /StartDirectory "" /RunAs 8 /Run`.(Citation: Cisco Ukraine Wipers January 2022)
Enterprise T1071 .001 Application Layer Protocol: Web Protocols

WhisperGate can make an HTTPS connection to download additional files.(Citation: Unit 42 WhisperGate January 2022)(Citation: Medium S2W WhisperGate January 2022)
Enterprise T1059 .001 Command and Scripting Interpreter: PowerShell

WhisperGate can use PowerShell to support multiple actions including execution and defense evasion.(Citation: Unit 42 WhisperGate January 2022)(Citation: Cisco Ukraine Wipers January 2022)(Citation: Medium S2W WhisperGate January 2022)
.003 Command and Scripting Interpreter: Windows Command Shell

WhisperGate can use `cmd.exe` to execute commands.(Citation: Unit 42 WhisperGate January 2022)

.005 Command and Scripting Interpreter: Visual Basic

WhisperGate can use a Visual Basic script to exclude the `C:\` drive from Windows Defender.(Citation: Unit 42 WhisperGate January 2022)(Citation: Cisco Ukraine Wipers January 2022)

Enterprise T1561 .001 Disk Wipe: Disk Content Wipe

WhisperGate can overwrite sectors of a victim host's hard drive at periodic offsets.(Citation: Crowdstrike WhisperGate January 2022)(Citation: Cisco Ukraine Wipers January 2022)(Citation: Medium S2W WhisperGate January 2022)
.002 Disk Wipe: Disk Structure Wipe

WhisperGate can overwrite the Master Book Record (MBR) on victim systems with a malicious 16-bit bootloader.(Citation: Microsoft WhisperGate January 2022)(Citation: Crowdstrike WhisperGate January 2022)(Citation: Cybereason WhisperGate February 2022)(Citation: Unit 42 WhisperGate January 2022)(Citation: Cisco Ukraine Wipers January 2022)(Citation: Medium S2W WhisperGate January 2022)

Enterprise T1562 .001 Impair Defenses: Disable or Modify Tools

WhisperGate can download and execute AdvancedRun.exe to disable the Windows Defender Theat Protection service and set an exclusion path for the C:\ drive.(Citation: Unit 42 WhisperGate January 2022)(Citation: Cisco Ukraine Wipers January 2022)(Citation: Medium S2W WhisperGate January 2022)
Enterprise T1070 .004 Indicator Removal: File Deletion

WhisperGate can delete tools from a compromised host after execution.(Citation: Cisco Ukraine Wipers January 2022)
Enterprise T1027 .013 Obfuscated Files or Information: Encrypted/Encoded File

WhisperGate can Base64 encode strings, store downloaded files in reverse byte order, and use the Eazfuscator tool to obfuscate its third stage.(Citation: Cisco Ukraine Wipers January 2022)(Citation: Medium S2W WhisperGate January 2022)(Citation: RecordedFuture WhisperGate Jan 2022)
Enterprise T1542 .003 Pre-OS Boot: Bootkit

WhisperGate overwrites the MBR with a bootloader component that performs destructive wiping operations on hard drives and displays a fake ransom note when the host boots.(Citation: Crowdstrike WhisperGate January 2022)(Citation: Cybereason WhisperGate February 2022)(Citation: Microsoft WhisperGate January 2022)(Citation: Cisco Ukraine Wipers January 2022)(Citation: Medium S2W WhisperGate January 2022)
Enterprise T1055 .012 Process Injection: Process Hollowing

WhisperGate has the ability to inject its fourth stage into a suspended process created by the legitimate Windows utility `InstallUtil.exe`.(Citation: Cisco Ukraine Wipers January 2022)(Citation: RecordedFuture WhisperGate Jan 2022)
Enterprise T1518 .001 Software Discovery: Security Software Discovery

WhisperGate can recognize the presence of monitoring tools on a target system.(Citation: Unit 42 WhisperGate January 2022)
Enterprise T1218 .004 System Binary Proxy Execution: InstallUtil

WhisperGate has used `InstallUtil.exe` as part of its process to disable Windows Defender.(Citation: Unit 42 WhisperGate January 2022)
Enterprise T1569 .002 System Services: Service Execution

WhisperGate can download and execute AdvancedRun.exe via `sc.exe`.(Citation: Medium S2W WhisperGate January 2022)(Citation: Unit 42 WhisperGate January 2022)
Enterprise T1497 .001 Virtualization/Sandbox Evasion: System Checks

WhisperGate can stop its execution when it recognizes the presence of certain monitoring tools.(Citation: Unit 42 WhisperGate January 2022)
.003 Virtualization/Sandbox Evasion: Time Based Evasion

WhisperGate can pause for 20 seconds to bypass antivirus solutions.(Citation: Medium S2W WhisperGate January 2022)(Citation: RecordedFuture WhisperGate Jan 2022)

Groups That Use This Software
ID Name References
G1003 Ember Bear

(Citation: CrowdStrike Ember Bear Profile March 2022) (Citation: Cadet Blizzard emerges as novel threat actor) (Citation: Mandiant UNC2589 March 2022)

References

  1. Cybereason Nocturnus. (2022, February 15). Cybereason vs. WhisperGate and HermeticWiper. Retrieved March 10, 2022.
  2. Falcone, R. et al.. (2022, January 20). Threat Brief: Ongoing Russia and Ukraine Cyber Conflict. Retrieved March 10, 2022.
  3. MSTIC. (2022, January 15). Destructive malware targeting Ukrainian organizations. Retrieved March 10, 2022.
  4. Biasini, N. et al.. (2022, January 21). Ukraine Campaign Delivers Defacement and Wipers, in Continued Escalation. Retrieved March 14, 2022.
  5. Crowdstrike. (2022, January 19). Technical Analysis of the WhisperGate Malicious Bootloader. Retrieved March 10, 2022.
  6. S2W. (2022, January 18). Analysis of Destructive Malware (WhisperGate) targeting Ukraine. Retrieved March 14, 2022.
  7. Insikt Group. (2020, January 28). WhisperGate Malware Corrupts Computers in Ukraine. Retrieved September 16, 2024.
  8. CrowdStrike. (2022, March 30). Who is EMBER BEAR?. Retrieved June 9, 2022.
  9. Microsoft Threat Intelligence. (2023, June 14). Cadet Blizzard emerges as a novel and distinct Russian threat actor. Retrieved July 10, 2023.
  10. Sadowski, J; Hall, R. (2022, March 4). Responses to Russia's Invasion of Ukraine Likely to Spur Retaliation. Retrieved June 9, 2022.
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