Уничтожение данных

Adversaries may destroy data and files on specific systems or in large numbers on a network to interrupt availability to systems, services, and network resources. Data destruction is likely to render stored data irrecoverable by forensic techniques through overwriting files or data on local and remote drives.(Citation: Symantec Shamoon 2012)(Citation: FireEye Shamoon Nov 2016)(Citation: Palo Alto Shamoon Nov 2016)(Citation: Kaspersky StoneDrill 2017)(Citation: Unit 42 Shamoon3 2018)(Citation: Talos Olympic Destroyer 2018) Common operating system file deletion commands such as del and rm often only remove pointers to files without wiping the contents of the files themselves, making the files recoverable by proper forensic methodology. This behavior is distinct from Disk Content Wipe and Disk Structure Wipe because individual files are destroyed rather than sections of a storage disk or the disk's logical structure. Adversaries may attempt to overwrite files and directories with randomly generated data to make it irrecoverable.(Citation: Kaspersky StoneDrill 2017)(Citation: Unit 42 Shamoon3 2018) In some cases politically oriented image files have been used to overwrite data.(Citation: FireEye Shamoon Nov 2016)(Citation: Palo Alto Shamoon Nov 2016)(Citation: Kaspersky StoneDrill 2017) To maximize impact on the target organization in operations where network-wide availability interruption is the goal, malware designed for destroying data may have worm-like features to propagate across a network by leveraging additional techniques like Valid Accounts, OS Credential Dumping, and SMB/Windows Admin Shares.(Citation: Symantec Shamoon 2012)(Citation: FireEye Shamoon Nov 2016)(Citation: Palo Alto Shamoon Nov 2016)(Citation: Kaspersky StoneDrill 2017)(Citation: Talos Olympic Destroyer 2018). In cloud environments, adversaries may leverage access to delete cloud storage, cloud storage accounts, machine images, and other infrastructure crucial to operations to damage an organization or their customers.(Citation: Data Destruction - Threat Post)(Citation: DOJ - Cisco Insider)

ID: T1485
Тактика(-и): Impact
Платформы: IaaS, Linux, macOS, Windows
Требуемые разрешения: Administrator, root, SYSTEM, User
Источники данных: Cloud Storage: Cloud Storage Deletion, Command: Command Execution, File: File Deletion, File: File Modification, Image: Image Deletion, Instance: Instance Deletion, Process: Process Creation, Snapshot: Snapshot Deletion, Volume: Volume Deletion
Тип влияния: Availability
Версия: 1.1
Дата создания: 14 Mar 2019
Последнее изменение: 25 Mar 2021

Примеры процедур

Название Описание
Diavol

Diavol can delete specified files from a targeted system.(Citation: Fortinet Diavol July 2021)

WhisperGate

WhisperGate can corrupt files by overwriting the first 1 MB with `0xcc` and appending random extensions.(Citation: Microsoft WhisperGate January 2022)(Citation: Crowdstrike WhisperGate January 2022)(Citation: Cybereason WhisperGate February 2022)(Citation: Unit 42 WhisperGate January 2022)(Citation: Cisco Ukraine Wipers January 2022)(Citation: Medium S2W WhisperGate January 2022)

Industroyer

Industroyer’s data wiper module clears registry keys and overwrites both ICS configuration and Windows files.(Citation: Dragos Crashoverride 2017)

LAPSUS$

LAPSUS$ has deleted the target's systems and resources both on-premises and in the cloud.(Citation: MSTIC DEV-0537 Mar 2022)

Xbash

Xbash has destroyed Linux-based databases as part of its ransomware capabilities.(Citation: Unit42 Xbash Sept 2018)

Lazarus Group

Lazarus Group has used a custom secure delete function to overwrite file contents with data from heap memory.(Citation: Novetta Blockbuster)

REvil

REvil has the capability to destroy files and folders.(Citation: Kaspersky Sodin July 2019)(Citation: Secureworks GandCrab and REvil September 2019)(Citation: McAfee Sodinokibi October 2019)(Citation: McAfee Sodinokibi October 2019)(Citation: Intel 471 REvil March 2020)(Citation: Picus Sodinokibi January 2020)(Citation: Secureworks REvil September 2019)

Kazuar

Kazuar can overwrite files with random data before deleting them.(Citation: Unit 42 Kazuar May 2017)

HermeticWiper

HermeticWiper can recursively wipe folders and files in `Windows`, `Program Files`, `Program Files(x86)`, `PerfLogs`, `Boot, System`, `Volume Information`, and `AppData` folders using `FSCTL_MOVE_FILE`. HermeticWiper can also overwrite symbolic links and big files in `My Documents` and on the Desktop with random bytes.(Citation: ESET Hermetic Wizard March 2022)

Shamoon

Shamoon attempts to overwrite operating system files and disk structures with image files.(Citation: Symantec Shamoon 2012)(Citation: FireEye Shamoon Nov 2016)(Citation: Palo Alto Shamoon Nov 2016) In a later variant, randomly generated data was used for data overwrites.(Citation: Unit 42 Shamoon3 2018)(Citation: McAfee Shamoon December 2018)

PowerDuke

PowerDuke has a command to write random data across a file and delete it.(Citation: Volexity PowerDuke November 2016)

Olympic Destroyer

Olympic Destroyer overwrites files locally and on remote shares.(Citation: Talos Olympic Destroyer 2018)(Citation: US District Court Indictment GRU Unit 74455 October 2020)

APT38

APT38 has used a custom secure delete function to make deleted files unrecoverable.(Citation: FireEye APT38 Oct 2018)

Gamaredon Group

Gamaredon Group has used tools to delete files and folders from victims' desktops and profiles.(Citation: CERT-EE Gamaredon January 2021)

CaddyWiper

CaddyWiper can work alphabetically through drives on a compromised system to take ownership of and overwrite all files.(Citation: ESET CaddyWiper March 2022)(Citation: Cisco CaddyWiper March 2022)

SDelete

SDelete deletes data in a way that makes it unrecoverable.(Citation: Microsoft SDelete July 2016)

BlackEnergy

BlackEnergy 2 contains a "Destroy" plug-in that destroys data stored on victim hard drives by overwriting file contents.(Citation: Securelist BlackEnergy Feb 2015)(Citation: ESET BlackEnergy Jan 2016)

RawDisk

RawDisk was used in Shamoon to write to protected system locations such as the MBR and disk partitions in an effort to destroy data.(Citation: Palo Alto Shamoon Nov 2016)(Citation: Unit 42 Shamoon3 2018)

Meteor

Meteor can fill a victim's files and directories with zero-bytes in replacement of real content before deleting them.(Citation: Check Point Meteor Aug 2021)

KillDisk

KillDisk deletes system files to make the OS unbootable. KillDisk also targets and deletes files with 35 different file extensions.(Citation: ESEST Black Energy Jan 2016)

Sandworm Team

Sandworm Team has used the BlackEnergy KillDisk component to overwrite files on Windows-based Human-Machine Interfaces. (Citation: US-CERT Ukraine Feb 2016)(Citation: ESET Telebots June 2017)

Proxysvc

Proxysvc can overwrite files indicated by the attacker before deleting them.(Citation: McAfee GhostSecret)

StoneDrill

StoneDrill has a disk wiper module that targets files other than those in the Windows directory.(Citation: Kaspersky StoneDrill 2017)

Контрмеры

Контрмера Описание
Data Destruction Mitigation

Consider implementing IT disaster recovery plans that contain procedures for taking regular data backups that can be used to restore organizational data.(Citation: Ready.gov IT DRP) Ensure backups are stored off system and is protected from common methods adversaries may use to gain access and destroy the backups to prevent recovery. Identify potentially malicious software and audit and/or block it by using whitelisting(Citation: Beechey 2010) tools, like AppLocker,(Citation: Windows Commands JPCERT)(Citation: NSA MS AppLocker) or Software Restriction Policies(Citation: Corio 2008) where appropriate.(Citation: TechNet Applocker vs SRP)

Data Backup

Take and store data backups from end user systems and critical servers. Ensure backup and storage systems are hardened and kept separate from the corporate network to prevent compromise.

Обнаружение

Use process monitoring to monitor the execution and command-line parameters of binaries that could be involved in data destruction activity, such as SDelete. Monitor for the creation of suspicious files as well as high unusual file modification activity. In particular, look for large quantities of file modifications in user directories and under C:\Windows\System32\. In cloud environments, the occurrence of anomalous high-volume deletion events, such as the DeleteDBCluster and DeleteGlobalCluster events in AWS, or a high quantity of data deletion events, such as DeleteBucket, within a short period of time may indicate suspicious activity.

Ссылки

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