Cервис управления информационной безопасностью
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MITRE ATT&CK - Техника Исследование удаленных систем
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Исследование удаленных систем

Adversaries may attempt to get a listing of other systems by IP address, hostname, or other logical identifier on a network that may be used for Lateral Movement from the current system. Functionality could exist within remote access tools to enable this, but utilities available on the operating system could also be used such as Ping or net view using Net. Adversaries may also analyze data from local host files (ex: C:\Windows\System32\Drivers\etc\hosts or /etc/hosts) or other passive means (such as local Arp cache entries) in order to discover the presence of remote systems in an environment. Adversaries may also target discovery of network infrastructure as well as leverage Network Device CLI commands on network devices to gather detailed information about systems within a network (e.g. show cdp neighbors, show arp).(Citation: US-CERT-TA18-106A)(Citation: CISA AR21-126A FIVEHANDS May 2021)

ID: T1018
Тактика(-и): Discovery
Платформы: Linux, macOS, Network, Windows
Источники данных: Command: Command Execution, File: File Access, Network Traffic: Network Connection Creation, Process: Process Creation
Версия: 3.5
Дата создания: 31 May 2017
Последнее изменение: 14 Aug 2023

Примеры процедур
Название Описание
Ember Bear

Ember Bear has used tools such as Nmap and MASSCAN for remote service discovery.(Citation: CISA GRU29155 2024)
TRITON

TRITON’s TsLow python module pings controllers over the TriStation protocol.(Citation: FireEye TRITON 2017)

menuPass

menuPass uses scripts to enumerate IP ranges on the victim network. menuPass has also issued the command net view /domain to a PlugX implant to gather information about remote systems on the network.(Citation: PWC Cloud Hopper Technical Annex April 2017)(Citation: FireEye APT10 April 2017)
MURKYTOP

MURKYTOP has the capability to identify remote hosts on connected networks.(Citation: FireEye Periscope March 2018)
TAINTEDSCRIBE

The TAINTEDSCRIBE command and execution module can perform target system enumeration.(Citation: CISA MAR-10288834-2.v1 TAINTEDSCRIBE MAY 2020)
ROADTools

ROADTools can enumerate Azure AD systems and devices.(Citation: Roadtools)
BitPaymer

BitPaymer can use net view to discover remote systems.(Citation: Crowdstrike Indrik November 2018)
QakBot

QakBot can identify remote systems through the net view command.(Citation: Crowdstrike Qakbot October 2020)(Citation: Kaspersky QakBot September 2021)(Citation: Trend Micro Black Basta October 2022)

During Operation CuckooBees, the threat actors used the `net view` and `ping` commands as part of their advanced reconnaissance.(Citation: Cybereason OperationCuckooBees May 2022)

During Operation Wocao, threat actors used `nbtscan` and `ping` to discover remote systems, as well as `dsquery subnet` on a domain controller to retrieve all subnets in the Active Directory.(Citation: FoxIT Wocao December 2019)
Fox Kitten

Fox Kitten has used Angry IP Scanner to detect remote systems.(Citation: CISA AA20-259A Iran-Based Actor September 2020)
USBferry

USBferry can use net view to gather information about remote systems.(Citation: TrendMicro Tropic Trooper May 2020)
Bazar

Bazar can enumerate remote systems using Net View.(Citation: Cybereason Bazar July 2020)
Operation Wocao

Operation Wocao can use the ping command to discover remote systems.(Citation: FoxIT Wocao December 2019)
BADHATCH

BADHATCH can use a PowerShell object such as, `System.Net.NetworkInformation.Ping` to ping a computer.(Citation: BitDefender BADHATCH Mar 2021)
Agrius

Agrius used the tool NBTscan to scan for remote, accessible hosts in victim environments.(Citation: Unit42 Agrius 2023)
BlackCat

BlackCat can broadcasts NetBIOS Name Service (NBNC) messages to search for servers connected to compromised networks.(Citation: Microsoft BlackCat Jun 2022)
Naikon

Naikon has used a netbios scanner for remote machine identification.(Citation: Bitdefender Naikon April 2021)
Deep Panda

Deep Panda has used ping to identify other machines of interest.(Citation: Alperovitch 2014)
Earth Lusca

Earth Lusca used the command powershell “Get-EventLog -LogName security -Newest 500 | where {$_.EventID -eq 4624} | format-list - property * | findstr “Address”” to find the network information of successfully logged-in accounts to discovery addresses of other machines. Earth Lusca has also used multiple scanning tools to discover other machines within the same compromised network.(Citation: TrendMicro EarthLusca 2022)
APT41

APT41 has used MiPing to discover active systems in the victim network.(Citation: apt41_dcsocytec_dec2022)

Net

Commands such as net view can be used in Net to gather information about available remote systems.(Citation: Savill 1999)
Black Basta

Black Basta can use LDAP queries to connect to AD and iterate over connected workstations.(Citation: Check Point Black Basta October 2022)
yty

yty uses the net view command for discovery.(Citation: ASERT Donot March 2018)

During FunnyDream, the threat actors used several tools and batch files to map victims' internal networks.(Citation: Bitdefender FunnyDream Campaign November 2020)
FIN5

FIN5 has used the open source tool Essential NetTools to map the network and build a list of targets.(Citation: Mandiant FIN5 GrrCON Oct 2016)
Volt Typhoon

Volt Typhoon has used multiple methods, including Ping, to enumerate systems on compromised networks.(Citation: Microsoft Volt Typhoon May 2023)(Citation: Secureworks BRONZE SILHOUETTE May 2023)
Sandworm Team

Sandworm Team has used a tool to query Active Directory using LDAP, discovering information about computers listed in AD.(Citation: ESET Telebots Dec 2016)(Citation: Dragos Crashoverride 2018)

Play

Play has used tools such as AdFind, Nltest, and BloodHound to enumerate shares and hostnames on compromised networks.(Citation: Trend Micro Ransomware Spotlight Play July 2023)
njRAT

njRAT can identify remote hosts on connected networks.(Citation: Fidelis njRAT June 2013)
Industroyer

Industroyer can enumerate remote computers in the compromised network.(Citation: ESET Industroyer)
Remsec

Remsec can ping or traceroute a remote host.(Citation: Kaspersky ProjectSauron Technical Analysis)
Akira

Akira uses software such as Advanced IP Scanner and MASSCAN to identify remote hosts within victim networks.(Citation: Arctic Wolf Akira 2023)

During the 2015 Ukraine Electric Power Attack, Sandworm Team remotely discovered systems over LAN connections. OT systems were visible from the IT network as well, giving adversaries the ability to discover operational assets. (Citation: Charles McLellan March 2016)
Dragonfly 2.0

Dragonfly 2.0 likely obtained a list of hosts in the victim environment.(Citation: US-CERT TA18-074A)
Ke3chang

Ke3chang has used network scanning and enumeration tools, including Ping.(Citation: NCC Group APT15 Alive and Strong)
CrackMapExec

CrackMapExec can discover active IP addresses, along with the machine name, within a targeted network.(Citation: CME Github September 2018)
PoetRAT

PoetRAT used Nmap for remote system discovery.(Citation: Talos PoetRAT April 2020)
HEXANE

HEXANE has used `net view` to enumerate domain machines.(Citation: Kaspersky Lyceum October 2021)
Epic

Epic uses the net view command on the victim’s machine.(Citation: Kaspersky Turla)
Kwampirs

Kwampirs collects a list of available servers with the command net view.(Citation: Symantec Orangeworm April 2018)
FunnyDream

FunnyDream can collect information about hosts on the victim network.(Citation: Kaspersky APT Trends Q1 2020)

During the SolarWinds Compromise, APT29 used AdFind to enumerate remote systems.(Citation: Microsoft Deep Dive Solorigate January 2021)
Comnie

Comnie runs the net view command
WannaCry

WannaCry scans its local network segment for remote systems to try to exploit and copy itself to.(Citation: SecureWorks WannaCry Analysis)
Threat Group-3390

Threat Group-3390 has used the net view command.(Citation: Nccgroup Emissary Panda May 2018)
Sykipot

Sykipot may use net view /domain to display hostnames of available systems on a network.(Citation: AlienVault Sykipot 2011)
Cobalt Strike

Cobalt Strike uses the native Windows Network Enumeration APIs to interrogate and discover targets in a Windows Active Directory network.(Citation: cobaltstrike manual)(Citation: Talos Cobalt Strike September 2020)(Citation: Cobalt Strike Manual 4.3 November 2020)
SILENTTRINITY

SILENTTRINITY can enumerate and collect the properties of domain computers.(Citation: GitHub SILENTTRINITY Modules July 2019)
BloodHound

BloodHound can enumerate and collect the properties of domain computers, including domain controllers.(Citation: CrowdStrike BloodHound April 2018)
DRATzarus

DRATzarus can search for other machines connected to compromised host and attempt to map the network.(Citation: ClearSky Lazarus Aug 2020)
OSInfo

OSInfo performs a connection test to discover remote systems in the network(Citation: Symantec Buckeye)
Flagpro

Flagpro has been used to execute net view on a targeted system.(Citation: NTT Security Flagpro new December 2021)

ToddyCat

ToddyCat has used `ping %REMOTE_HOST%` for post exploit discovery.(Citation: Kaspersky ToddyCat Check Logs October 2023)
HermeticWizard

HermeticWizard can find machines on the local network by gathering known local IP addresses through `DNSGetCacheDataTable`, `GetIpNetTable`,`WNetOpenEnumW(RESOURCE_GLOBALNET, RESOURCETYPE_ANY)`,`NetServerEnum`,`GetTcpTable`, and `GetAdaptersAddresses.`(Citation: ESET Hermetic Wizard March 2022)
BRONZE BUTLER

BRONZE BUTLER typically use ping and Net to enumerate systems.(Citation: Secureworks BRONZE BUTLER Oct 2017)
APT39

APT39 has used NBTscan and custom tools to discover remote systems.(Citation: FireEye APT39 Jan 2019)(Citation: BitDefender Chafer May 2020)(Citation: Symantec Chafer February 2018)
Ping

Ping can be used to identify remote systems within a network.(Citation: TechNet Ping)
Conti

Conti has the ability to discover hosts on a target network.(Citation: CrowdStrike Wizard Spider October 2020)
RATANKBA

RATANKBA runs the net view /domain and net view commands.(Citation: RATANKBA)
SHOTPUT

SHOTPUT has a command to list all servers in the domain, as well as one to locate domain controllers on a domain.(Citation: Palo Alto CVE-2015-3113 July 2015)
MgBot

MgBot includes modules for performing ARP scans of local connected systems.(Citation: Symantec Daggerfly 2023)
APT32

APT32 has enumerated DC servers using the command net group "Domain Controllers" /domain. The group has also used the ping command.(Citation: Cybereason Cobalt Kitty 2017)
Silence

Silence has used Nmap to scan the corporate network, build a network topology, and identify vulnerable hosts.(Citation: Group IB Silence Sept 2018)

Carbon

Carbon uses the net view command.(Citation: GovCERT Carbon May 2016)
Kinsing

Kinsing has used a script to parse files like /etc/hosts and SSH known_hosts to discover remote systems.(Citation: Aqua Kinsing April 2020)
FIN6

FIN6 used publicly available tools (including Microsoft's built-in SQL querying tool, osql.exe) to map the internal network and conduct reconnaissance against Active Directory, Structured Query Language (SQL) servers, and NetBIOS.(Citation: FireEye FIN6 April 2016)
Diavol

Diavol can use the ARP table to find remote hosts to scan.(Citation: Fortinet Diavol July 2021)

TrickBot

TrickBot can enumerate computers and network devices.(Citation: Cyberreason Anchor December 2019)
Cobalt Strike

Cobalt Strike uses the native Windows Network Enumeration APIs to interrogate and discover targets in a Windows Active Directory network.(Citation: cobaltstrike manual)
Indrik Spider

Indrik Spider has used PowerView to enumerate all Windows Server, Windows Server 2003, and Windows 7 instances in the Active Directory database.(Citation: Symantec WastedLocker June 2020)
SpicyOmelette

SpicyOmelette can identify payment systems, payment gateways, and ATM systems in compromised environments.(Citation: Secureworks GOLD KINGSWOOD September 2018)
Turla

Turla surveys a system upon check-in to discover remote systems on a local network using the net view and net view /DOMAIN commands. Turla has also used net group "Domain Computers" /domain, net group "Domain Controllers" /domain, and net group "Exchange Servers" /domain to enumerate domain computers, including the organization's DC and Exchange Server.(Citation: Kaspersky Turla)(Citation: ESET ComRAT May 2020)
Arp

Arp can be used to display a host's ARP cache, which may include address resolutions for remote systems.(Citation: TechNet Arp)(Citation: Palo Alto ARP)
NBTscan

NBTscan can list NetBIOS computer names.(Citation: Debian nbtscan Nov 2019)(Citation: SecTools nbtscan June 2003)

Rocke

Rocke has looked for IP addresses in the known_hosts file on the infected system and attempted to SSH into them.(Citation: Talos Rocke August 2018)

Leafminer

Leafminer used Microsoft’s Sysinternals tools to gather detailed information about remote systems.(Citation: Symantec Leafminer July 2018)
Olympic Destroyer

Olympic Destroyer uses Windows Management Instrumentation to enumerate all systems in the network.(Citation: Talos Olympic Destroyer 2018)
Magic Hound

Magic Hound has used Ping for discovery on targeted networks.(Citation: DFIR Phosphorus November 2021)
Nltest

Nltest may be used to enumerate remote domain controllers using options such as /dclist and /dsgetdc.(Citation: Nltest Manual)
Scattered Spider

Scattered Spider can enumerate remote systems, such as VMware vCenter infrastructure.(Citation: CISA Scattered Spider Advisory November 2023)
Chimera

Chimera has utilized various scans and queries to find domain controllers and remote services in the target environment.(Citation: NCC Group Chimera January 2021)

During the 2016 Ukraine Electric Power Attack, Sandworm Team checked for connectivity to resources within the network and used LDAP to query Active Directory, discovering information about computers listed in AD.(Citation: Dragos Crashoverride 2018)
HAFNIUM

HAFNIUM has enumerated domain controllers using `net group "Domain computers"` and `nltest /dclist`.(Citation: Rapid7 HAFNIUM Mar 2021)
Wizard Spider

Wizard Spider has used networkdll for network discovery and psfin specifically for financial and point of sale indicators. Wizard Spider has also used AdFind, nltest/dclist, and PowerShell script Get-DataInfo.ps1 to enumerate domain computers, including the domain controller.(Citation: FireEye Ryuk and Trickbot January 2019)(Citation: CrowdStrike Grim Spider May 2019)(Citation: FireEye KEGTAP SINGLEMALT October 2020)(Citation: Red Canary Hospital Thwarted Ryuk October 2020)(Citation: DFIR Ryuk's Return October 2020)(Citation: Mandiant FIN12 Oct 2021)
AdFind

AdFind has the ability to query Active Directory for computers.(Citation: Red Canary Hospital Thwarted Ryuk October 2020)(Citation: FireEye FIN6 Apr 2019)(Citation: FireEye Ryuk and Trickbot January 2019)(Citation: Cybereason Bumblebee August 2022)
UNC2452

UNC2452 used AdFind to enumerate remote systems.(Citation: Microsoft Deep Dive Solorigate January 2021)
Shamoon

Shamoon scans the C-class subnet of the IPs on the victim's interfaces.(Citation: FireEye Shamoon Nov 2016)
DUSTTRAP

DUSTTRAP can use `ping` to identify remote hosts within the victim network.(Citation: Google Cloud APT41 2024)
APT3

APT3 has a tool that can detect the existence of remote systems.(Citation: Symantec Buckeye)(Citation: FireEye Clandestine Fox)

During C0015, the threat actors used the commands `net view /all /domain` and `ping` to discover remote systems. They also used PowerView's PowerShell Invoke-ShareFinder script for file share enumeration.(Citation: DFIR Conti Bazar Nov 2021)
GALLIUM

GALLIUM used a modified version of NBTscan to identify available NetBIOS name servers over the network as well as ping to identify remote systems.(Citation: Cybereason Soft Cell June 2019)
FIN8

FIN8 has used dsquery and other Active Directory utilities to enumerate hosts; they have also used nltest.exe /dclist to retrieve a list of domain controllers.(Citation: FireEye Know Your Enemy FIN8 Aug 2016)(Citation: Bitdefender FIN8 July 2021)
Backdoor.Oldrea

Backdoor.Oldrea can enumerate and map ICS-specific systems in victim environments.(Citation: Gigamon Berserk Bear October 2021)
Dragonfly

Dragonfly has likely obtained a list of hosts in the victim environment.(Citation: US-CERT TA18-074A)
APT29

APT29 has used AdFind to enumerate remote systems.(Citation: Microsoft Deep Dive Solorigate January 2021)

Контрмеры
Контрмера Описание
Remote System Discovery Mitigation

Identify unnecessary system utilities or potentially malicious software that may be used to acquire information on remotely available systems, and audit and/or block them by using whitelisting (Citation: Beechey 2010) tools, like AppLocker, (Citation: Windows Commands JPCERT) (Citation: NSA MS AppLocker) or Software Restriction Policies (Citation: Corio 2008) where appropriate. (Citation: TechNet Applocker vs SRP)

Обнаружение

System and network discovery techniques normally occur throughout an operation as an adversary learns the environment. Data and events should not be viewed in isolation, but as part of a chain of behavior that could lead to other activities, such as Lateral Movement, based on the information obtained. Normal, benign system and network events related to legitimate remote system discovery may be uncommon, depending on the environment and how they are used. Monitor processes and command-line arguments for actions that could be taken to gather system and network information. Remote access tools with built-in features may interact directly with the Windows API to gather information. Information may also be acquired through Windows system management tools such as Windows Management Instrumentation and PowerShell. Monitor for processes that can be used to discover remote systems, such as ping.exe and tracert.exe, especially when executed in quick succession.(Citation: Elastic - Koadiac Detection with EQL)

Ссылки

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