Cервис управления информационной безопасностью
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MITRE ATT&CK - Техника Протокол удаленного рабочего стола
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Remote Services:  Протокол удаленного рабочего стола

ID Название
.001 Протокол удаленного рабочего стола
.002 Общие SMB-ресурсы или ресурсы администраторов Windows
.003 Распределенная COM-модель
.004 SSH
.005 VNC
.006 Служба удаленного управления Windows

Adversaries may use Valid Accounts to log into a computer using the Remote Desktop Protocol (RDP). The adversary may then perform actions as the logged-on user. Remote desktop is a common feature in operating systems. It allows a user to log into an interactive session with a system desktop graphical user interface on a remote system. Microsoft refers to its implementation of the Remote Desktop Protocol (RDP) as Remote Desktop Services (RDS).(Citation: TechNet Remote Desktop Services) Adversaries may connect to a remote system over RDP/RDS to expand access if the service is enabled and allows access to accounts with known credentials. Adversaries will likely use Credential Access techniques to acquire credentials to use with RDP. Adversaries may also use RDP in conjunction with the Accessibility Features or Terminal Services DLL for Persistence.(Citation: Alperovitch Malware)

ID: T1021.001
Относится к технике:  T1021
Тактика(-и): Lateral Movement
Платформы: Windows
Требуемые разрешения: Remote Desktop Users, User
Источники данных: Logon Session: Logon Session Creation, Network Traffic: Network Connection Creation, Network Traffic: Network Traffic Flow, Process: Process Creation
Версия: 1.1
Дата создания: 11 Feb 2020
Последнее изменение: 28 Mar 2022

Примеры процедур
Название Описание
Kimsuky

Kimsuky has used RDP for direct remote point-and-click access.(Citation: Netscout Stolen Pencil Dec 2018)
Cobalt Strike

Cobalt Strike can start a VNC-based remote desktop server and tunnel the connection through the already established C2 channel.(Citation: cobaltstrike manual)(Citation: Cybereason Bumblebee August 2022)
QuasarRAT

QuasarRAT has a module for performing remote desktop access.(Citation: GitHub QuasarRAT)(Citation: Volexity Patchwork June 2018)
zwShell

zwShell has used RDP for lateral movement.(Citation: McAfee Night Dragon)
OilRig

OilRig has used Remote Desktop Protocol for lateral movement. The group has also used tunneling tools to tunnel RDP into the environment.(Citation: Unit 42 Playbook Dec 2017)(Citation: FireEye APT34 Webinar Dec 2017)(Citation: Crowdstrike GTR2020 Mar 2020)
Patchwork

Patchwork attempted to use RDP to move laterally.(Citation: Cymmetria Patchwork)
FIN8

FIN8 has used RDP for lateral movement.(Citation: FireEye Know Your Enemy FIN8 Aug 2016)
Cobalt Strike

Cobalt Strike can start a VNC-based remote desktop server and tunnel the connection through the already established C2 channel.(Citation: cobaltstrike manual)
Imminent Monitor

Imminent Monitor has a module for performing remote desktop access.(Citation: QiAnXin APT-C-36 Feb2019)
WarzoneRAT

WarzoneRAT has the ability to control an infected PC using RDP.(Citation: Check Point Warzone Feb 2020)
APT39

APT39 has been seen using RDP for lateral movement and persistence, in some cases employing the rdpwinst tool for mangement of multiple sessions.(Citation: FireEye APT39 Jan 2019)(Citation: BitDefender Chafer May 2020)
Magic Hound

Magic Hound has used Remote Desktop Services on targeted systems.(Citation: DFIR Report APT35 ProxyShell March 2022)
Wizard Spider

Wizard Spider has used RDP for lateral movement.(Citation: CrowdStrike Grim Spider May 2019)(Citation: DHS/CISA Ransomware Targeting Healthcare October 2020)(Citation: DFIR Ryuk 2 Hour Speed Run November 2020)
Carbanak

Carbanak enables concurrent Remote Desktop Protocol (RDP) sessions.(Citation: FireEye CARBANAK June 2017)
Dragonfly 2.0

Dragonfly 2.0 moved laterally via RDP.(Citation: US-CERT TA18-074A)(Citation: US-CERT APT Energy Oct 2017)
FIN7

FIN7 has used RDP to move laterally in victim environments.(Citation: CrowdStrike Carbon Spider August 2021)

Silence

Silence has used RDP for lateral movement.(Citation: Group IB Silence Sept 2018)

Revenge RAT

Revenge RAT has a plugin to perform RDP access.(Citation: Cylance Shaheen Nov 2018)

ServHelper

ServHelper has commands for adding a remote desktop user and sending RDP traffic to the attacker through a reverse SSH tunnel.(Citation: Proofpoint TA505 Jan 2019)
APT29

APT29 has used RDP sessions from public-facing systems to internal servers.(Citation: CrowdStrike StellarParticle January 2022)
HEXANE

HEXANE has used remote desktop sessions for lateral movement.(Citation: SecureWorks August 2019)
Axiom

Axiom has used RDP during operations.(Citation: Novetta-Axiom)
TEMP.Veles

TEMP.Veles utilized RDP throughout an operation.(Citation: FireEye TRITON 2019)

Cobalt Group

Cobalt Group has used Remote Desktop Protocol to conduct lateral movement.(Citation: Group IB Cobalt Aug 2017)
SDBbot

SDBbot has the ability to use RDP to connect to victim's machines.(Citation: Proofpoint TA505 October 2019)
Koadic

Koadic can enable remote desktop on the victim's machine.(Citation: Github Koadic)
jRAT

jRAT can support RDP control.(Citation: Kaspersky Adwind Feb 2016)
njRAT

njRAT has a module for performing remote desktop access.(Citation: Fidelis njRAT June 2013)
Pysa

Pysa has laterally moved using RDP connections.(Citation: CERT-FR PYSA April 2020)

Stolen Pencil

Stolen Pencil utilized RDP for direct remote point-and-click access. (Citation: Netscout Stolen Pencil Dec 2018)
Pupy

Pupy can enable/disable RDP connection and can start a remote desktop session using a browser web socket client.(Citation: GitHub Pupy)
DarkComet

DarkComet can open an active screen of the victim’s machine and take control of the mouse and keyboard.(Citation: Malwarebytes DarkComet March 2018)
FIN6

FIN6 used RDP to move laterally in victim networks.(Citation: FireEye FIN6 April 2016)(Citation: FireEye FIN6 Apr 2019)
FIN10

FIN10 has used RDP to move laterally to systems in the victim environment.(Citation: FireEye FIN10 June 2017)
ZxShell

ZxShell has remote desktop functionality.(Citation: Talos ZxShell Oct 2014)

Blue Mockingbird

Blue Mockingbird has used Remote Desktop to log on to servers interactively and manually copy files to remote hosts.(Citation: RedCanary Mockingbird May 2020)
menuPass

menuPass has used RDP connections to move across the victim network.(Citation: PWC Cloud Hopper April 2017)(Citation: District Court of NY APT10 Indictment December 2018)

During C0015, the threat actors used RDP to access specific network hosts of interest.(Citation: DFIR Conti Bazar Nov 2021)
Lazarus Group

Lazarus Group malware SierraCharlie uses RDP for propagation.(Citation: Novetta Blockbuster)(Citation: Novetta Blockbuster RATs)
APT3

APT3 enables the Remote Desktop Protocol for persistence.(Citation: aptsim) APT3 has also interacted with compromised systems to browse and copy files through RDP sessions.(Citation: Twitter Cglyer Status Update APT3 eml)
Fox Kitten

Fox Kitten has used RDP to log in and move laterally in the target environment.(Citation: CISA AA20-259A Iran-Based Actor September 2020)(Citation: ClearSky Pay2Kitten December 2020)
Leviathan

Leviathan has targeted RDP credentials and used it to move through the victim environment.(Citation: FireEye APT40 March 2019)

Dragonfly

Dragonfly has moved laterally via RDP.(Citation: US-CERT TA18-074A)
APT41

APT41 used RDP for lateral movement.(Citation: FireEye APT41 Aug 2019)(Citation: Crowdstrike GTR2020 Mar 2020)
Chimera

Chimera has used RDP to access targeted systems.(Citation: Cycraft Chimera April 2020)
APT1

The APT1 group is known to have used RDP during operations.(Citation: FireEye PLA)

Контрмеры
Контрмера Описание
Audit

Perform audits or scans of systems, permissions, insecure software, insecure configurations, etc. to identify potential weaknesses.
Limit Access to Resource Over Network

Prevent access to file shares, remote access to systems, unnecessary services. Mechanisms to limit access may include use of network concentrators, RDP gateways, etc.
Network Segmentation

Architect sections of the network to isolate critical systems, functions, or resources. Use physical and logical segmentation to prevent access to potentially sensitive systems and information. Use a DMZ to contain any internet-facing services that should not be exposed from the internal network. Configure separate virtual private cloud (VPC) instances to isolate critical cloud systems.
Operating System Configuration

Make configuration changes related to the operating system or a common feature of the operating system that result in system hardening against techniques.
Disable or Remove Feature or Program

Remove or deny access to unnecessary and potentially vulnerable software to prevent abuse by adversaries.
User Account Management

Manage the creation, modification, use, and permissions associated to user accounts.
Multi-factor Authentication

Use two or more pieces of evidence to authenticate to a system; such as username and password in addition to a token from a physical smart card or token generator.
Privileged Account Management

Manage the creation, modification, use, and permissions associated to privileged accounts, including SYSTEM and root.

Обнаружение

Use of RDP may be legitimate, depending on the network environment and how it is used. Other factors, such as access patterns and activity that occurs after a remote login, may indicate suspicious or malicious behavior with RDP. Monitor for user accounts logged into systems they would not normally access or access patterns to multiple systems over a relatively short period of time.

Ссылки

  1. Strategic Cyber LLC. (2017, March 14). Cobalt Strike Manual. Retrieved May 24, 2017.
  2. US-CERT. (2017, October 20). Alert (TA17-293A): Advanced Persistent Threat Activity Targeting Energy and Other Critical Infrastructure Sectors. Retrieved November 2, 2017.
  3. US-CERT. (2018, March 16). Alert (TA18-074A): Russian Government Cyber Activity Targeting Energy and Other Critical Infrastructure Sectors. Retrieved June 6, 2018.
  4. Alperovitch, D. (2014, October 31). Malware-Free Intrusions. Retrieved November 4, 2014.
  5. Microsoft. (n.d.). Remote Desktop Services. Retrieved June 1, 2016.
  6. ASERT team. (2018, December 5). STOLEN PENCIL Campaign Targets Academia. Retrieved February 5, 2019.
  7. Cymmetria. (2016). Unveiling Patchwork - The Copy-Paste APT. Retrieved August 3, 2016.
  8. FireEye iSIGHT Intelligence. (2017, June 16). FIN10: Anatomy of a Cyber Extortion Operation. Retrieved June 25, 2017.
  9. Plan, F., et al. (2019, March 4). APT40: Examining a China-Nexus Espionage Actor. Retrieved March 18, 2019.
  10. McKeague, B. et al. (2019, April 5). Pick-Six: Intercepting a FIN6 Intrusion, an Actor Recently Tied to Ryuk and LockerGoga Ransomware. Retrieved April 17, 2019.
  11. FireEye Threat Intelligence. (2016, April). Follow the Money: Dissecting the Operations of the Cyber Crime Group FIN6. Retrieved June 1, 2016.
  12. Miller, S, et al. (2019, April 10). TRITON Actor TTP Profile, Custom Attack Tools, Detections, and ATT&CK Mapping. Retrieved April 16, 2019.
  13. Schwarz, D. et al. (2019, October 16). TA505 Distributes New SDBbot Remote Access Trojan with Get2 Downloader. Retrieved May 29, 2020.
  14. Crowdstrike. (2020, March 2). 2020 Global Threat Report. Retrieved December 11, 2020.
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  16. Unit 42. (2017, December 15). Unit 42 Playbook Viewer. Retrieved December 20, 2017.
  17. DFIR Report. (2022, March 21). APT35 Automates Initial Access Using ProxyShell. Retrieved May 25, 2022.
  18. SecureWorks 2019, August 27 LYCEUM Takes Center Stage in Middle East Campaign Retrieved. 2019/11/19
  19. Microsoft. (n.d.). Configure Timeout and Reconnection Settings for Remote Desktop Services Sessions. Retrieved December 11, 2017.
  20. Fidelis Cybersecurity. (2013, June 28). Fidelis Threat Advisory #1009: "njRAT" Uncovered. Retrieved June 4, 2019.
  21. US District Court Southern District of New York. (2018, December 17). United States v. Zhu Hua Indictment. Retrieved December 17, 2020.
  22. PwC and BAE Systems. (2017, April). Operation Cloud Hopper. Retrieved April 5, 2017.
  23. Fraser, N., et al. (2019, August 7). Double DragonAPT41, a dual espionage and cyber crime operation APT41. Retrieved September 23, 2019.
  24. Schwarz, D. and Proofpoint Staff. (2019, January 9). ServHelper and FlawedGrace - New malware introduced by TA505. Retrieved May 28, 2019.
  25. CrowdStrike. (2022, January 27). Early Bird Catches the Wormhole: Observations from the StellarParticle Campaign. Retrieved February 7, 2022.
  26. Group-IB. (2018, September). Silence: Moving Into the Darkside. Retrieved May 5, 2020.
  27. Kujawa, A. (2018, March 27). You dirty RAT! Part 1: DarkComet. Retrieved November 6, 2018.
  28. Cycraft. (2020, April 15). APT Group Chimera - APT Operation Skeleton key Targets Taiwan Semiconductor Vendors. Retrieved August 24, 2020.
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  30. FireEye Labs. (2014, May 20). The PLA and the 8:00am-5:00pm Work Day: FireEye Confirms DOJ’s Findings on APT1 Intrusion Activity. Retrieved November 4, 2014.
  31. Rusu, B. (2020, May 21). Iranian Chafer APT Targeted Air Transportation and Government in Kuwait and Saudi Arabia. Retrieved May 22, 2020.
  32. Hawley et al. (2019, January 29). APT39: An Iranian Cyber Espionage Group Focused on Personal Information. Retrieved February 19, 2019.
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