Cервис управления информационной безопасностью
Cервис управления информационной безопасностью
Вход Регистрация
MITRE ATT&CK - Техника Ключи запуска в реестре / Папка автозагрузки
Каталоги
MITRE ATT&CK
БДУ ФСТЭК
Новая БДУ ФСТЭК
EN
Риски
Каталоги
MITRE ATT&CK
Техника
Ключи запуска в реестре / Папк...
Куда я попал?
SECURITM это SGRC система, ? автоматизирующая процессы в службах информационной безопасности. SECURITM помогает построить и управлять ИСПДн, КИИ, ГИС, СМИБ/СУИБ, банковскими системами защиты.
А еще SECURITM это место для обмена опытом и наработками для служб безопасности.
Подробнее
Наш канал

Boot or Logon Autostart Execution:  Ключи запуска в реестре / Папка автозагрузки

ID Название
.001 Ключи запуска в реестре / Папка автозагрузки
.002 Пакет аутентификации
.003 Поставщики времени
.004 DLL-библиотеки загружаемые с помощью Winlogon
.005 Поставщик поддержки безопасности (SSP)
.006 Модули и расширения ядра
.007 Перезапуск приложений
.008 Драйвер LSASS
.009 Изменение ярлыков
.010 Мониторы портов
.011 Plist Modification
.012 Обработчики печати
.013 Записи автозапуска XDG
.014 Активная установка
.015 Элементы входа в систему

Adversaries may achieve persistence by adding a program to a startup folder or referencing it with a Registry run key. Adding an entry to the "run keys" in the Registry or startup folder will cause the program referenced to be executed when a user logs in.(Citation: Microsoft Run Key) These programs will be executed under the context of the user and will have the account's associated permissions level. Placing a program within a startup folder will also cause that program to execute when a user logs in. There is a startup folder location for individual user accounts as well as a system-wide startup folder that will be checked regardless of which user account logs in. The startup folder path for the current user is C:\Users\\[Username]\AppData\Roaming\Microsoft\Windows\Start Menu\Programs\Startup. The startup folder path for all users is C:\ProgramData\Microsoft\Windows\Start Menu\Programs\StartUp. The following run keys are created by default on Windows systems: * HKEY_CURRENT_USER\Software\Microsoft\Windows\CurrentVersion\Run * HKEY_CURRENT_USER\Software\Microsoft\Windows\CurrentVersion\RunOnce * HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE\Software\Microsoft\Windows\CurrentVersion\Run * HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE\Software\Microsoft\Windows\CurrentVersion\RunOnce Run keys may exist under multiple hives.(Citation: Microsoft Wow6432Node 2018)(Citation: Malwarebytes Wow6432Node 2016) The HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE\Software\Microsoft\Windows\CurrentVersion\RunOnceEx is also available but is not created by default on Windows Vista and newer. Registry run key entries can reference programs directly or list them as a dependency.(Citation: Microsoft Run Key) For example, it is possible to load a DLL at logon using a "Depend" key with RunOnceEx: reg add HKLM\SOFTWARE\Microsoft\Windows\CurrentVersion\RunOnceEx\0001\Depend /v 1 /d "C:\temp\evil[.]dll" (Citation: Oddvar Moe RunOnceEx Mar 2018) The following Registry keys can be used to set startup folder items for persistence: * HKEY_CURRENT_USER\Software\Microsoft\Windows\CurrentVersion\Explorer\User Shell Folders * HKEY_CURRENT_USER\Software\Microsoft\Windows\CurrentVersion\Explorer\Shell Folders * HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE\SOFTWARE\Microsoft\Windows\CurrentVersion\Explorer\Shell Folders * HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE\SOFTWARE\Microsoft\Windows\CurrentVersion\Explorer\User Shell Folders The following Registry keys can control automatic startup of services during boot: * HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE\Software\Microsoft\Windows\CurrentVersion\RunServicesOnce * HKEY_CURRENT_USER\Software\Microsoft\Windows\CurrentVersion\RunServicesOnce * HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE\Software\Microsoft\Windows\CurrentVersion\RunServices * HKEY_CURRENT_USER\Software\Microsoft\Windows\CurrentVersion\RunServices Using policy settings to specify startup programs creates corresponding values in either of two Registry keys: * HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE\Software\Microsoft\Windows\CurrentVersion\Policies\Explorer\Run * HKEY_CURRENT_USER\Software\Microsoft\Windows\CurrentVersion\Policies\Explorer\Run The Winlogon key controls actions that occur when a user logs on to a computer running Windows 7. Most of these actions are under the control of the operating system, but you can also add custom actions here. The HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE\Software\Microsoft\Windows NT\CurrentVersion\Winlogon\Userinit and HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE\Software\Microsoft\Windows NT\CurrentVersion\Winlogon\Shell subkeys can automatically launch programs. Programs listed in the load value of the registry key HKEY_CURRENT_USER\Software\Microsoft\Windows NT\CurrentVersion\Windows run when any user logs on. By default, the multistring BootExecute value of the registry key HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE\System\CurrentControlSet\Control\Session Manager is set to autocheck autochk *. This value causes Windows, at startup, to check the file-system integrity of the hard disks if the system has been shut down abnormally. Adversaries can add other programs or processes to this registry value which will automatically launch at boot. Adversaries can use these configuration locations to execute malware, such as remote access tools, to maintain persistence through system reboots. Adversaries may also use Masquerading to make the Registry entries look as if they are associated with legitimate programs.

ID: T1547.001
Относится к технике:  T1547
Тактика(-и): Persistence, Privilege Escalation
Платформы: Windows
Требуемые разрешения: Administrator, User
Источники данных: Command: Command Execution, File: File Modification, Process: Process Creation, Windows Registry: Windows Registry Key Creation, Windows Registry: Windows Registry Key Modification
Версия: 1.2
Дата создания: 23 Jan 2020
Последнее изменение: 16 Jun 2022

Примеры процедур
Название Описание
Emissary

Variants of Emissary have added Run Registry keys to establish persistence.(Citation: Emissary Trojan Feb 2016)
Pisloader

Pisloader establishes persistence via a Registry Run key.(Citation: Palo Alto DNS Requests)
EvilBunny

EvilBunny has created Registry keys for persistence in [HKLM|HKCU]\…\CurrentVersion\Run.(Citation: Cyphort EvilBunny Dec 2014)

APT19

An APT19 HTTP malware variant establishes persistence by setting the Registry key HKCU\Software\Microsoft\Windows\CurrentVersion\Run\Windows Debug Tools-%LOCALAPPDATA%\.(Citation: Unit 42 C0d0so0 Jan 2016)
APT37

APT37's has added persistence via the Registry key HKCU\Software\Microsoft\CurrentVersion\Run\.(Citation: FireEye APT37 Feb 2018)(Citation: Talos Group123)
APT39

APT39 has maintained persistence using the startup folder.(Citation: FireEye APT39 Jan 2019)
NETWIRE

NETWIRE creates a Registry start-up entry to establish persistence.(Citation: McAfee Netwire Mar 2015)(Citation: Red Canary NETWIRE January 2020)(Citation: Unit 42 NETWIRE April 2020)(Citation: Proofpoint NETWIRE December 2020)
Ursnif

Ursnif has used Registry Run keys to establish automatic execution at system startup.(Citation: TrendMicro PE_URSNIF.A2)(Citation: TrendMicro BKDR_URSNIF.SM)
Backdoor.Oldrea

Backdoor.Oldrea adds Registry Run keys to achieve persistence.(Citation: Symantec Dragonfly)(Citation: Gigamon Berserk Bear October 2021)
SHIPSHAPE

SHIPSHAPE achieves persistence by creating a shortcut in the Startup folder.(Citation: FireEye APT30)
RTM

RTM has used Registry run keys to establish persistence for the RTM Trojan and other tools, such as a modified version of TeamViewer remote desktop software.(Citation: ESET RTM Feb 2017)(Citation: Group IB RTM August 2019)
Magic Hound

Magic Hound malware has used Registry Run keys to establish persistence.(Citation: Unit 42 Magic Hound Feb 2017)
FunnyDream

FunnyDream can use a Registry Run Key and the Startup folder to establish persistence.(Citation: Bitdefender FunnyDream Campaign November 2020)
Agent Tesla

Agent Tesla can add itself to the Registry as a startup program to establish persistence.(Citation: Fortinet Agent Tesla April 2018)(Citation: SentinelLabs Agent Tesla Aug 2020)

AuTo Stealer

AuTo Stealer can place malicious executables in a victim's AutoRun registry key or StartUp directory, depending on the AV product installed, to maintain persistence.(Citation: MalwareBytes SideCopy Dec 2021)
Rover

Rover persists by creating a Registry entry in HKEY_CURRENT_USER\SOFTWARE\Microsoft\Windows\CurrentVersion\Run\.(Citation: Palo Alto Rover)
FinFisher

FinFisher establishes persistence by creating the Registry key HKCU\Software\Microsoft\Windows\Run.(Citation: FinFisher Citation)(Citation: Microsoft FinFisher March 2018)
WarzoneRAT

WarzoneRAT can add itself to the `HKCU\Software\Microsoft\Windows\CurrentVersion\Run` and `HKCU\Software\Microsoft\Windows\CurrentVersion\Explorer\UIF2IS20VK` Registry keys.(Citation: Check Point Warzone Feb 2020)
Maze

Maze has created a file named "startup_vrun.bat" in the Startup folder of a virtual machine to establish persistence.(Citation: Sophos Maze VM September 2020)
Final1stspy

Final1stspy creates a Registry Run key to establish persistence.(Citation: Unit 42 Nokki Oct 2018)
BadPatch

BadPatch establishes a foothold by adding a link to the malware executable in the startup folder.(Citation: Unit 42 BadPatch Oct 2017)
Inception

Inception has maintained persistence by modifying Registry run key value HKEY_CURRENT_USER\Software\Microsoft\Windows\CurrentVersion\Run\.(Citation: Kaspersky Cloud Atlas December 2014)
APT28

APT28 has deployed malware that has copied itself to the startup directory for persistence.(Citation: TrendMicro Pawn Storm Dec 2020)
TeamTNT

TeamTNT has added batch scripts to the startup folder.(Citation: ATT TeamTNT Chimaera September 2020)
Remcos

Remcos can add itself to the Registry key HKCU\Software\Microsoft\Windows\CurrentVersion\Run for persistence.(Citation: Fortinet Remcos Feb 2017)
Kazuar

Kazuar adds a sub-key under several Registry run keys.(Citation: Unit 42 Kazuar May 2017)
EVILNUM

EVILNUM can achieve persistence through the Registry Run key.(Citation: ESET EvilNum July 2020)(Citation: Prevailion EvilNum May 2020)
JCry

JCry has created payloads in the Startup directory to maintain persistence. (Citation: Carbon Black JCry May 2019)
Cobian RAT

Cobian RAT creates an autostart Registry key to ensure persistence.(Citation: Zscaler Cobian Aug 2017)
PoisonIvy

PoisonIvy creates run key Registry entries pointing to a malicious executable dropped to disk.(Citation: Symantec Darkmoon Aug 2005)
Carberp

Carberp has maintained persistence by placing itself inside the current user's startup folder.(Citation: Prevx Carberp March 2011)
Lucifer

Lucifer can persist by setting Registry key values HKLM\Software\Microsoft\Windows\CurrentVersion\Run\QQMusic and HKCU\Software\Microsoft\Windows\CurrentVersion\Run\QQMusic.(Citation: Unit 42 Lucifer June 2020)
GrimAgent

GrimAgent can set persistence with a Registry run key.(Citation: Group IB GrimAgent July 2021)
HTTPBrowser

HTTPBrowser has established persistence by setting the HKCU\Software\Microsoft\Windows\CurrentVersion\Run key value for wdm to the path of the executable. It has also used the Registry entry HKEY_USERS\Software\Microsoft\Windows\CurrentVersion\Run vpdn “%ALLUSERPROFILE%\%APPDATA%\vpdn\VPDN_LU.exe” to establish persistence.(Citation: ZScaler Hacking Team)(Citation: ThreatStream Evasion Analysis)
ThreatNeedle

ThreatNeedle can be loaded into the Startup folder (`%APPDATA%\Microsoft\Windows\Start Menu\Programs\Startup\OneDrives.lnk`) as a Shortcut file for persistence.(Citation: Kaspersky ThreatNeedle Feb 2021)
ADVSTORESHELL

ADVSTORESHELL achieves persistence by adding itself to the HKCU\SOFTWARE\Microsoft\Windows\CurrentVersion\Run Registry key.(Citation: Kaspersky Sofacy)(Citation: ESET Sednit Part 2)(Citation: Bitdefender APT28 Dec 2015)
Leviathan

Leviathan has used JavaScript to create a shortcut file in the Startup folder that points to its main backdoor.(Citation: Proofpoint Leviathan Oct 2017)(Citation: FireEye Periscope March 2018)
Dragonfly 2.0

Dragonfly 2.0 added the registry value ntdll to the Registry Run key to establish persistence.(Citation: US-CERT TA18-074A)
Helminth

Helminth establishes persistence by creating a shortcut in the Start Menu folder.(Citation: Palo Alto OilRig May 2016)
Naikon

Naikon has modified a victim's Windows Run registry to establish persistence.(Citation: Bitdefender Naikon April 2021)
QakBot

QakBot can maintain persistence by creating an auto-run Registry key.(Citation: Trend Micro Qakbot May 2020)(Citation: Crowdstrike Qakbot October 2020)(Citation: Trend Micro Qakbot December 2020)(Citation: Group IB Ransomware September 2020)
Silence

Silence has used HKCU\Software\Microsoft\Windows\CurrentVersion\Run, HKLM\Software\Microsoft\Windows\CurrentVersion\Run, and the Startup folder to establish persistence.(Citation: Group IB Silence Sept 2018)

Gelsemium

Gelsemium can set persistence with a Registry run key.(Citation: ESET Gelsemium June 2021)
ChChes

ChChes establishes persistence by adding a Registry Run key.(Citation: PWC Cloud Hopper Technical Annex April 2017)
Gazer

Gazer can establish persistence by creating a .lnk file in the Start menu.(Citation: ESET Gazer Aug 2017)(Citation: Securelist WhiteBear Aug 2017)
Gorgon Group

Gorgon Group malware can create a .lnk file and add a Registry Run key to establish persistence.(Citation: Unit 42 Gorgon Group Aug 2018)
Crimson

Crimson can add Registry run keys for persistence.(Citation: Proofpoint Operation Transparent Tribe March 2016)(Citation: Kaspersky Transparent Tribe August 2020)
Emotet

Emotet has been observed adding the downloaded payload to the HKEY_CURRENT_USER\Software\Microsoft\Windows\CurrentVersion\Run key to maintain persistence.(Citation: Symantec Emotet Jul 2018)(Citation: US-CERT Emotet Jul 2018)(Citation: Picus Emotet Dec 2018)
CozyCar

One persistence mechanism used by CozyCar is to set itself to be executed at system startup by adding a Registry value under one of the following Registry keys:
HKLM\Software\Microsoft\Windows\CurrentVersion\Run\
HKCU\Software\Microsoft\Windows\CurrentVersion\Run\
HKLM\Software\Microsoft\Windows\CurrentVersion\Policies\Explorer\Run
HKCU\Software\Microsoft\Windows\CurrentVersion\Policies\Explorer\Run(Citation: F-Secure CozyDuke)
Xbash

Xbash can create a Startup item for persistence if it determines it is on a Windows system.(Citation: Unit42 Xbash Sept 2018)
InvisiMole

InvisiMole can place a lnk file in the Startup Folder to achieve persistence.(Citation: ESET InvisiMole June 2020)
APT29

APT29 added Registry Run keys to establish persistence.(Citation: Mandiant No Easy Breach)
SharpStage

SharpStage has the ability to create persistence for the malware using the Registry autorun key and startup folder.(Citation: Cybereason Molerats Dec 2020)

Clambling

Clambling can establish persistence by adding a Registry run key.(Citation: Trend Micro DRBControl February 2020)(Citation: Talent-Jump Clambling February 2020)
RTM

RTM tries to add a Registry Run key under the name "Windows Update" to establish persistence.(Citation: ESET RTM Feb 2017)
Sakula

Most Sakula samples maintain persistence by setting the Registry Run key SOFTWARE\Microsoft\Windows\CurrentVersion\Run\ in the HKLM or HKCU hive, with the Registry value and file name varying by sample.(Citation: Dell Sakula)
Honeybee

Honeybee uses a batch file that configures the ComSysApp service to autostart in order to establish persistence.(Citation: McAfee Honeybee)
ZIRCONIUM

ZIRCONIUM has created a Registry Run key named Dropbox Update Setup to establish persistence for a malicious Python binary.(Citation: Zscaler APT31 Covid-19 October 2020)
Reaver

Reaver creates a shortcut file and saves it in a Startup folder to establish persistence.(Citation: Palo Alto Reaver Nov 2017)
QuasarRAT

If the QuasarRAT client process does not have administrator privileges it will add a registry key to `HKCU\Software\Microsoft\Windows\CurrentVersion\Run` for persistence.(Citation: GitHub QuasarRAT)(Citation: CISA AR18-352A Quasar RAT December 2018)

FLASHFLOOD

FLASHFLOOD achieves persistence by making an entry in the Registry's Run key.(Citation: FireEye APT30)
LoJax

LoJax has modified the Registry key ‘HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE\SYSTEM\CurrentControlSet\Control\Session Manager\BootExecute’ from ‘autocheck autochk *’ to ‘autocheck autoche *’ in order to execute its payload during Windows startup.(Citation: ESET LoJax Sept 2018)
Patchwork

Patchwork has added the path of its second-stage malware to the startup folder to achieve persistence. One of its file stealers has also persisted by adding a Registry Run key.(Citation: Cymmetria Patchwork)(Citation: TrendMicro Patchwork Dec 2017)
STARWHALE

STARWHALE can establish persistence by installing itself in the startup folder, whereas the GO variant has created a `HKCU\SOFTWARE\Microsoft\Windows\CurrentVersion\Run\OutlookM` registry key.(Citation: DHS CISA AA22-055A MuddyWater February 2022)(Citation: Mandiant UNC3313 Feb 2022)
FlawedAmmyy

FlawedAmmyy has established persistence via the `HKCU\SOFTWARE\microsoft\windows\currentversion\run` registry key.(Citation: Korean FSI TA505 2020)
Pteranodon

Pteranodon copies itself to the Startup folder to establish persistence.(Citation: Palo Alto Gamaredon Feb 2017)
MarkiRAT

MarkiRAT can drop its payload into the Startup directory to ensure it automatically runs when the compromised system is started.(Citation: Kaspersky Ferocious Kitten Jun 2021)
Matryoshka

Matryoshka can establish persistence by adding Registry Run keys.(Citation: ClearSky Wilted Tulip July 2017)(Citation: CopyKittens Nov 2015)
KONNI

A version of KONNI has dropped a Windows shortcut into the Startup folder to establish persistence.(Citation: Talos Konni May 2017)
Vasport

Vasport copies itself to disk and creates an associated run key Registry entry to establish.(Citation: Symantec Vasport May 2012)
ObliqueRAT

ObliqueRAT can gain persistence by a creating a shortcut in the infected user's Startup directory.(Citation: Talos Oblique RAT March 2021)
Ixeshe

Ixeshe can achieve persistence by adding itself to the HKCU\Software\Microsoft\Windows\CurrentVersion\Run Registry key.(Citation: Trend Micro IXESHE 2012)
BBSRAT

BBSRAT has been loaded through DLL side-loading of a legitimate Citrix executable that is set to persist through the Registry Run key location HKLM\SOFTWARE\Microsoft\Windows\CurrentVersion\Run\ssonsvr.exe.
FIN6

FIN6 has used Registry Run keys to establish persistence for its downloader tools known as HARDTACK and SHIPBREAD.(Citation: FireEye FIN6 April 2016)
Metamorfo

Metamorfo has configured persistence to the Registry ket HKCU\Software\Microsoft\Windows\CurrentVersion\Run, Spotify =% APPDATA%\Spotify\Spotify.exe and used .LNK files in the startup folder to achieve persistence.(Citation: Medium Metamorfo Apr 2020)(Citation: FireEye Metamorfo Apr 2018)(Citation: Fortinet Metamorfo Feb 2020)(Citation: ESET Casbaneiro Oct 2019)
Hi-Zor

Hi-Zor creates a Registry Run key to establish persistence.(Citation: Fidelis INOCNATION)
Turla

A Turla Javascript backdoor added a local_update_check value under the Registry key HKLM\SOFTWARE\Microsoft\Windows\CurrentVersion\Run to establish persistence. Additionally, a Turla custom executable containing Metasploit shellcode is saved to the Startup folder to gain persistence.(Citation: ESET Turla Mosquito Jan 2018)(Citation: ESET Turla Mosquito May 2018)
Smoke Loader

Smoke Loader adds a Registry Run key for persistence and adds a script in the Startup folder to deploy the payload.(Citation: Malwarebytes SmokeLoader 2016)
build_downer

build_downer has the ability to add itself to the Registry Run key for persistence.(Citation: Trend Micro Tick November 2019)
Rifdoor

Rifdoor has created a new registry entry at HKEY_CURRENT_USERS\Software\Microsoft\Windows\CurrentVersion\Run\Graphics with a value of C:\ProgramData\Initech\Initech.exe /run.(Citation: Carbon Black HotCroissant April 2020)
Nebulae

Nebulae can achieve persistence through a Registry Run key.(Citation: Bitdefender Naikon April 2021)
NOKKI

NOKKI has established persistence by writing the payload to the Registry key HKCU\Software\Microsoft\Windows\CurrentVersion\Run.(Citation: Unit 42 NOKKI Sept 2018)
Grandoreiro

Grandoreiro can use run keys and create link files in the startup folder for persistence.(Citation: IBM Grandoreiro April 2020)(Citation: ESET Grandoreiro April 2020)
Putter Panda

A dropper used by Putter Panda installs itself into the ASEP Registry key HKCU\Software\Microsoft\Windows\CurrentVersion\Run with a value named McUpdate.(Citation: CrowdStrike Putter Panda)
PUNCHBUGGY

PUNCHBUGGY has been observed using a Registry Run key.(Citation: FireEye Know Your Enemy FIN8 Aug 2016)(Citation: Morphisec ShellTea June 2019)
MuddyWater

MuddyWater has added Registry Run key KCU\Software\Microsoft\Windows\CurrentVersion\Run\SystemTextEncoding to establish persistence.(Citation: FireEye MuddyWater Mar 2018)(Citation: Securelist MuddyWater Oct 2018)(Citation: Talos MuddyWater May 2019)(Citation: Reaqta MuddyWater November 2017)(Citation: Trend Micro Muddy Water March 2021)(Citation: Talos MuddyWater Jan 2022)
Truvasys

Truvasys adds a Registry Run key to establish persistence.(Citation: Microsoft Win Defender Truvasys Sep 2017)
Hancitor

Hancitor has added Registry Run keys to establish persistence.(Citation: FireEye Hancitor)
Trojan.Karagany

Trojan.Karagany can create a link to itself in the Startup folder to automatically start itself upon system restart.(Citation: Symantec Dragonfly)(Citation: Secureworks Karagany July 2019)
Mivast

Mivast creates the following Registry entry: HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE\SOFTWARE\Microsoft\Windows\CurrentVersion\Run\Micromedia.(Citation: Symantec Backdoor.Mivast)
USBStealer

USBStealer registers itself under a Registry Run key with the name "USB Disk Security."(Citation: ESET Sednit USBStealer 2014)
Winnti for Windows

Winnti for Windows can add a service named wind0ws to the Registry to achieve persistence after reboot.(Citation: Novetta Winnti April 2015)
JHUHUGIT

JHUHUGIT has used a Registry Run key to establish persistence by executing JavaScript code within the rundll32.exe process.(Citation: ESET Sednit Part 1)
MoleNet

MoleNet can achieve persitence on the infected machine by setting the Registry run key.(Citation: Cybereason Molerats Dec 2020)

Sidewinder

Sidewinder has added paths to executables in the Registry to establish persistence.(Citation: Rewterz Sidewinder APT April 2020)(Citation: Rewterz Sidewinder COVID-19 June 2020)(Citation: Cyble Sidewinder September 2020)
BitPaymer

BitPaymer has set the run key HKCU\Software\Microsoft\Windows\CurrentVersion\Run for persistence.(Citation: Crowdstrike Indrik November 2018)
FatDuke

FatDuke has used HKLM\SOFTWARE\Microsoft\CurrentVersion\Run to establish persistence.(Citation: ESET Dukes October 2019)
LiteDuke

LiteDuke can create persistence by adding a shortcut in the CurrentVersion\Run Registry key.(Citation: ESET Dukes October 2019)
NETEAGLE

The "SCOUT" variant of NETEAGLE achieves persistence by adding itself to the HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE\SOFTWARE\Microsoft\Windows\CurrentVersion\Run Registry key.(Citation: FireEye APT30)
ServHelper

ServHelper may attempt to establish persistence via the HKCU\Software\Microsoft\Windows\CurrentVersion\Run\ run key.(Citation: Deep Instinct TA505 Apr 2019)
ShimRat

ShimRat has installed a registry based start-up key HKCU\Software\microsoft\windows\CurrentVersion\Run to maintain persistence should other methods fail.(Citation: FOX-IT May 2016 Mofang)
Threat Group-3390

A Threat Group-3390 tool can add the binary’s path to the Registry key Software\Microsoft\Windows\CurrentVersion\Run to add persistence.(Citation: Nccgroup Emissary Panda May 2018)
Remexi

Remexi utilizes Run Registry keys in the HKLM hive as a persistence mechanism.(Citation: Securelist Remexi Jan 2019)
SPACESHIP

SPACESHIP achieves persistence by creating a shortcut in the current user's Startup folder.(Citation: FireEye APT30)
Tropic Trooper

Tropic Trooper has created shortcuts in the Startup folder to establish persistence.(Citation: Anomali Pirate Panda April 2020)(Citation: TrendMicro Tropic Trooper May 2020)
Lazarus Group

Lazarus Group has maintained persistence by loading malicious code into a startup folder or by adding a Registry Run key.(Citation: Novetta Blockbuster)(Citation: Novetta Blockbuster RATs)(Citation: McAfee Lazarus Resurfaces Feb 2018)(Citation: McAfee Lazarus Jul 2020)(Citation: Lazarus APT January 2022)
APT41

APT41 created and modified startup files for persistence.(Citation: FireEye APT41 Aug 2019)(Citation: Group IB APT 41 June 2021) APT41 added a registry key in HKLM\SOFTWARE\Microsoft\Windows NT\CurrentVersion\Svchost to establish persistence for Cobalt Strike.(Citation: FireEye APT41 March 2020)
Windshift

Windshift has created LNK files in the Startup folder to establish persistence.(Citation: BlackBerry Bahamut)
Empire

Empire can modify the registry run keys HKEY_CURRENT_USER\Software\Microsoft\Windows\CurrentVersion\Run and HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE\Software\Microsoft\Windows\CurrentVersion\Run for persistence.(Citation: Github PowerShell Empire)
Chinoxy

Chinoxy has established persistence via the `HKCU\Software\Microsoft\Windows\CurrentVersion\Run` registry key and by loading a dropper to `(%COMMON_ STARTUP%\\eoffice.exe)`.(Citation: Bitdefender FunnyDream Campaign November 2020)
Small Sieve

Small Sieve has the ability to add itself to `HKCU\Software\Microsoft\Windows\CurrentVersion\Run\OutlookMicrosift` for persistence.(Citation: NCSC GCHQ Small Sieve Jan 2022)
SMOKEDHAM

SMOKEDHAM has used reg.exe to create a Registry Run key.(Citation: FireEye SMOKEDHAM June 2021)
SDBbot

SDBbot has the ability to add a value to the Registry Run key to establish persistence if it detects it is running with regular user privilege. (Citation: Proofpoint TA505 October 2019)(Citation: IBM TA505 April 2020)
FIN7

FIN7 malware has created Registry Run and RunOnce keys to establish persistence, and has also added items to the Startup folder.(Citation: FireEye FIN7 April 2017)(Citation: FireEye FIN7 Aug 2018)
Dark Caracal

Dark Caracal's version of Bandook adds a registry key to HKEY_USERS\Software\Microsoft\Windows\CurrentVersion\Run for persistence.(Citation: Lookout Dark Caracal Jan 2018)
Gold Dragon

Gold Dragon establishes persistence in the Startup folder.(Citation: McAfee Gold Dragon)
TINYTYPHON

TINYTYPHON installs itself under Registry Run key to establish persistence.(Citation: Forcepoint Monsoon)
FIN10

FIN10 has established persistence by using the Registry option in PowerShell Empire to add a Run key.(Citation: FireEye FIN10 June 2017)(Citation: Github PowerShell Empire)
Aria-body

Aria-body has established persistence via the Startup folder or Run Registry key.(Citation: CheckPoint Naikon May 2020)
PROMETHIUM

PROMETHIUM has used Registry run keys to establish persistence.(Citation: Talos Promethium June 2020)
PowerShower

PowerShower sets up persistence with a Registry run key.(Citation: Unit 42 Inception November 2018)
Turian

Turian can establish persistence by adding Registry Run keys.(Citation: ESET BackdoorDiplomacy Jun 2021)
Briba

Briba creates run key Registry entries pointing to malicious DLLs dropped to disk.(Citation: Symantec Briba May 2012)
PowerSploit

PowerSploit's New-UserPersistenceOption Persistence argument can be used to establish via the HKCU\SOFTWARE\Microsoft\Windows\CurrentVersion\Run Registry key.(Citation: GitHub PowerSploit May 2012)(Citation: PowerSploit Documentation)
Bisonal

Bisonal has added itself to the Registry key HKEY_CURRENT_USER\Software\Microsoft\CurrentVersion\Run\ for persistence.(Citation: Unit 42 Bisonal July 2018)(Citation: Talos Bisonal Mar 2020)

RunningRAT

RunningRAT adds itself to the Registry key Software\Microsoft\Windows\CurrentVersion\Run to establish persistence upon reboot.(Citation: McAfee Gold Dragon)
TAINTEDSCRIBE

TAINTEDSCRIBE can copy itself into the current user’s Startup folder as “Narrator.exe” for persistence.(Citation: CISA MAR-10288834-2.v1 TAINTEDSCRIBE MAY 2020)
Machete

Machete used the startup folder for persistence.(Citation: Securelist Machete Aug 2014)(Citation: Cylance Machete Mar 2017)

During Operation Honeybee, the threat actors used batch files that allowed them to establish persistence by adding the following Registry key: `"HKLM\SOFTWARE\Microsoft\Windows NT\CurrentVersion\SvcHost" /v COMSysApp /t REG_MULTI_SZ /d "COMSysApp" /f`.(Citation: McAfee Honeybee)
CrossRAT

CrossRAT uses run keys for persistence on Windows
BACKSPACE

BACKSPACE achieves persistence by creating a shortcut to itself in the CSIDL_STARTUP directory.(Citation: FireEye APT30)
DownPaper

DownPaper uses PowerShell to add a Registry Run key in order to establish persistence.(Citation: ClearSky Charming Kitten Dec 2017)
Kasidet

Kasidet creates a Registry Run key to establish persistence.(Citation: Zscaler Kasidet)(Citation: Microsoft Kasidet)
Flagpro

Flagpro has dropped an executable file to the startup directory.(Citation: NTT Security Flagpro new December 2021)

Octopus

Octopus achieved persistence by placing a malicious executable in the startup directory and has added the HKEY_CURRENT_USER\Software\Microsoft\Windows\CurrentVersion\Run key to the Registry.(Citation: Securelist Octopus Oct 2018)
njRAT

njRAT has added persistence via the Registry key HKCU\Software\Microsoft\CurrentVersion\Run\ and dropped a shortcut in %STARTUP%.(Citation: Fidelis njRAT June 2013)(Citation: Trend Micro njRAT 2018)
DnsSystem

DnsSystem can write itself to the Startup folder to gain persistence.(Citation: Zscaler Lyceum DnsSystem June 2022)
Zebrocy

Zebrocy creates an entry in a Registry Run key for the malware to execute on startup.(Citation: ESET Zebrocy Nov 2018)(Citation: ESET Zebrocy May 2019)(Citation: Accenture SNAKEMACKEREL Nov 2018)
SslMM

To establish persistence, SslMM identifies the Start Menu Startup directory and drops a link to its own executable disguised as an “Office Start,” “Yahoo Talk,” “MSN Gaming Z0ne,” or “MSN Talk” shortcut.(Citation: Baumgartner Naikon 2015)
Machete

Machete used the startup folder for persistence.(Citation: Cylance Machete Mar 2017)
BADNEWS

BADNEWS installs a registry Run key to establish persistence.(Citation: Forcepoint Monsoon)
Conficker

Conficker adds Registry Run keys to establish persistence.(Citation: Trend Micro Conficker)
LookBack

LookBack sets up a Registry Run key to establish a persistence mechanism.(Citation: Proofpoint LookBack Malware Aug 2019)
Ramsay

Ramsay has created Registry Run keys to establish persistence.(Citation: Antiy CERT Ramsay April 2020)
Koadic

Koadic has added persistence to the `HKEY_CURRENT_USER\Software\Microsoft\Windows\CurrentVersion\Run` Registry key.(Citation: MalwareBytes LazyScripter Feb 2021)
DustySky

DustySky achieves persistence by creating a Registry entry in HKCU\SOFTWARE\Microsoft\Windows\CurrentVersion\Run.(Citation: DustySky)
Carbanak

Carbanak stores a configuration files in the startup directory to automatically execute commands in order to persist across reboots.(Citation: FireEye CARBANAK June 2017)
VBShower

VBShower used HKCU\Software\Microsoft\Windows\CurrentVersion\Run\\[a-f0-9A-F]{8} to maintain persistence.(Citation: Kaspersky Cloud Atlas August 2019)
Revenge RAT

Revenge RAT creates a Registry key at HKCU\Software\Microsoft\Windows NT\CurrentVersion\Winlogon\Shell to survive a system reboot.(Citation: Cylance Shaheen Nov 2018)
Rocke

Rocke's miner has created UPX-packed files in the Windows Start Menu Folder.(Citation: Talos Rocke August 2018)

PlugX

PlugX adds Run key entries in the Registry to establish persistence.(Citation: Lastline PlugX Analysis)(Citation: PWC Cloud Hopper Technical Annex April 2017)(Citation: CIRCL PlugX March 2013)
Chaes

Chaes has added persistence via the Registry key software\microsoft\windows\currentversion\run\microsoft windows html help.(Citation: Cybereason Chaes Nov 2020)
Saint Bot

Saint Bot has established persistence by being copied to the Startup directory or through the `\Software\Microsoft\Windows\CurrentVersion\Run` registry key.(Citation: Malwarebytes Saint Bot April 2021)(Citation: Palo Alto Unit 42 OutSteel SaintBot February 2022 )
Molerats

Molerats saved malicious files within the AppData and Startup folders to maintain persistence.(Citation: Kaspersky MoleRATs April 2019)
RCSession

RCSession has the ability to modify a Registry Run key to establish persistence.(Citation: Trend Micro DRBControl February 2020)(Citation: Profero APT27 December 2020)
gh0st RAT

gh0st RAT has added a Registry Run key to establish persistence.(Citation: Nccgroup Gh0st April 2018)(Citation: Gh0stRAT ATT March 2019)
BabyShark

BabyShark has added a Registry key to ensure all future macros are enabled for Microsoft Word and Excel as well as for additional persistence.(Citation: Unit42 BabyShark Feb 2019)(Citation: CISA AA20-301A Kimsuky)
TinyZBot

TinyZBot can create a shortcut in the Windows startup folder for persistence.(Citation: Cylance Cleaver)
DarkComet

DarkComet adds several Registry entries to enable automatic execution at every system startup.(Citation: TrendMicro DarkComet Sept 2014)(Citation: Malwarebytes DarkComet March 2018)
POWERSOURCE

POWERSOURCE achieves persistence by setting a Registry Run key, with the path depending on whether the victim account has user or administrator access.(Citation: Cisco DNSMessenger March 2017)
Seasalt

Seasalt creates a Registry entry to ensure infection after reboot under HKLM\Software\Microsoft\Windows\currentVersion\Run.(Citation: McAfee Oceansalt Oct 2018)
Heyoka Backdoor

Heyoka Backdoor can establish persistence with the auto start function including using the value `EverNoteTrayUService`.(Citation: SentinelOne Aoqin Dragon June 2022)
NavRAT

NavRAT creates a Registry key to ensure a file gets executed upon reboot in order to establish persistence.(Citation: Talos NavRAT May 2018)

During Operation Sharpshooter, a first-stage downloader installed Rising Sun to `%Startup%\mssync.exe` on a compromised host.(Citation: McAfee Sharpshooter December 2018)

PLAINTEE

PLAINTEE gains persistence by adding the Registry key HKEY_CURRENT_USER\Software\Microsoft\Windows\CurrentVersion\RunOnce.(Citation: Rancor Unit42 June 2018)
InnaputRAT

Some InnaputRAT variants establish persistence by modifying the Registry key HKU\\Software\Microsoft\Windows\CurrentVersion\Run:%appdata%\NeutralApp\NeutralApp.exe.(Citation: ASERT InnaputRAT April 2018)
SeaDuke

SeaDuke is capable of persisting via the Registry Run key or a .lnk file stored in the Startup directory.(Citation: Unit 42 SeaDuke 2015)
Cobalt Group

Cobalt Group has used Registry Run keys for persistence. The group has also set a Startup path to launch the PowerShell shell command and download Cobalt Strike.(Citation: Group IB Cobalt Aug 2017)
GRIFFON

GRIFFON has used a persistence module that stores the implant inside the Registry, which executes at logon.(Citation: SecureList Griffon May 2019)
Mustang Panda

Mustang Panda has created the registry key HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE\SOFTWARE\Wow6432Node\Microsoft\Windows\CurrentVersion\Run\AdobelmdyU to maintain persistence.(Citation: Proofpoint TA416 November 2020)
Higaisa

Higaisa added a spoofed binary to the start-up folder for persistence.(Citation: Malwarebytes Higaisa 2020)(Citation: Zscaler Higaisa 2020)
Sykipot

Sykipot has been known to establish persistence by adding programs to the Run Registry key.(Citation: Blasco 2013)
Kimsuky

Kimsuky has placed scripts in the startup folder for persistence and modified the `HKEY_CURRENT_USER\Software\Microsoft\Windows\CurrentVersion\RunOnce` Registry key.(Citation: Securelist Kimsuky Sept 2013)(Citation: CISA AA20-301A Kimsuky)(Citation: Crowdstrike GTR2020 Mar 2020)(Citation: Talos Kimsuky Nov 2021)(Citation: KISA Operation Muzabi)
Prikormka

Prikormka adds itself to a Registry Run key with the name guidVGA or guidVSA.(Citation: ESET Operation Groundbait)
Dragonfly

Dragonfly has added the registry value ntdll to the Registry Run key to establish persistence.(Citation: US-CERT TA18-074A)
SNUGRIDE

SNUGRIDE establishes persistence through a Registry Run key.(Citation: FireEye APT10 April 2017)
SysUpdate

SysUpdate can use a Registry Run key to establish persistence.(Citation: Trend Micro Iron Tiger April 2021)
Okrum

Okrum establishes persistence by creating a .lnk shortcut to itself in the Startup folder.(Citation: ESET Okrum July 2019)

IcedID

IcedID has established persistence by creating a Registry run key.(Citation: IBM IcedID November 2017)
LazyScripter

LazyScripter has achieved persistence via writing a PowerShell script to the autorun registry key.(Citation: MalwareBytes LazyScripter Feb 2021)
NanHaiShu

NanHaiShu modifies the %regrun% Registry to point itself to an autostart mechanism.(Citation: fsecure NanHaiShu July 2016)
BoomBox

BoomBox can establish persistence by writing the Registry value MicroNativeCacheSvc to HKCU\Software\Microsoft\Windows\CurrentVersion\Run.(Citation: MSTIC Nobelium Toolset May 2021)
APT3

APT3 places scripts in the startup folder for persistence.(Citation: FireEye Operation Double Tap)
EvilGrab

EvilGrab adds a Registry Run key for ctfmon.exe to establish persistence.(Citation: PWC Cloud Hopper Technical Annex April 2017)
BlackEnergy

The BlackEnergy 3 variant drops its main DLL component and then creates a .lnk shortcut to that file in the startup folder.(Citation: F-Secure BlackEnergy 2014)
Amadey

Amadey has changed the Startup folder to the one containing its executable by overwriting the registry keys.(Citation: Korean FSI TA505 2020)(Citation: BlackBerry Amadey 2020)
Avaddon

Avaddon uses registry run keys for persistence.(Citation: Arxiv Avaddon Feb 2021)
Darkhotel

Darkhotel has been known to establish persistence by adding programs to the Run Registry key.(Citation: Kaspersky Darkhotel)
GuLoader

GuLoader can establish persistence via the Registry under HKCU\Software\Microsoft\Windows\CurrentVersion\RunOnce.(Citation: Unit 42 NETWIRE April 2020)
S-Type

S-Type may create a .lnk file to itself that is saved in the Start menu folder. It may also create the Registry key HKCU\SOFTWARE\Microsoft\Windows\CurrentVersion\Run\ IMJPMIJ8.1{3 characters of Unique Identifier}.(Citation: Cylance Dust Storm)
APT33

APT33 has deployed a tool known as DarkComet to the Startup folder of a victim, and used Registry run keys to gain persistence.(Citation: Symantec Elfin Mar 2019)(Citation: Microsoft Holmium June 2020)
BRONZE BUTLER

BRONZE BUTLER has used a batch script that adds a Registry Run key to establish malware persistence.(Citation: Secureworks BRONZE BUTLER Oct 2017)
Pupy

Pupy adds itself to the startup folder or adds itself to the Registry key SOFTWARE\\Microsoft\\Windows\\CurrentVersion\\Run for persistence.(Citation: GitHub Pupy)
Comnie

Comnie achieves persistence by adding a shortcut of itself to the startup path in the Registry.(Citation: Palo Alto Comnie)
StrongPity

StrongPity can use the HKCU\Software\Microsoft\Windows\CurrentVersion\Run Registry key for persistence.(Citation: Talos Promethium June 2020)
Zeus Panda

Zeus Panda adds persistence by creating Registry Run keys.(Citation: Talos Zeus Panda Nov 2017)(Citation: GDATA Zeus Panda June 2017)
Ke3chang

Several Ke3chang backdoors achieved persistence by adding a Run key.(Citation: NCC Group APT15 Alive and Strong)
CORESHELL

CORESHELL has established persistence by creating autostart extensibility point (ASEP) Registry entries in the Run key and other Registry keys, as well as by creating shortcuts in the Internet Explorer Quick Start folder.(Citation: Microsoft SIR Vol 19)
NanoCore

NanoCore creates a RunOnce key in the Registry to execute its VBS scripts each time the user logs on to the machine.(Citation: Cofense NanoCore Mar 2018)
SILENTTRINITY

SILENTTRINITY can establish a LNK file in the startup folder for persistence.(Citation: GitHub SILENTTRINITY Modules July 2019)
Confucius

Confucius has dropped malicious files into the startup folder `%AppData%\Microsoft\Windows\Start Menu\Programs\Startup` on a compromised host in order to maintain persistence.(Citation: Uptycs Confucius APT Jan 2021)
Cardinal RAT

Cardinal RAT establishes Persistence by setting the HKCU\Software\Microsoft\Windows NT\CurrentVersion\Windows\Load Registry key to point to its executable.(Citation: PaloAlto CardinalRat Apr 2017)
Ryuk

Ryuk has used the Windows command line to create a Registry entry under HKEY_CURRENT_USER\SOFTWARE\Microsoft\Windows\CurrentVersion\Run to establish persistence.(Citation: CrowdStrike Ryuk January 2019)
AppleSeed

AppleSeed has the ability to create the Registry key name EstsoftAutoUpdate at HKCU\Software\Microsoft/Windows\CurrentVersion\RunOnce to establish persistence.(Citation: Malwarebytes Kimsuky June 2021)
POWERTON

POWERTON can install a Registry Run key for persistence.(Citation: FireEye APT33 Guardrail)
APT18

APT18 establishes persistence via the HKCU\Software\Microsoft\Windows\CurrentVersion\Run key.(Citation: Anomali Evasive Maneuvers July 2015)(Citation: PaloAlto DNS Requests May 2016)
Mosquito

Mosquito establishes persistence under the Registry key HKCU\Software\Run auto_update.(Citation: ESET Turla Mosquito Jan 2018)
Astaroth

Astaroth creates a startup item for persistence. (Citation: Cofense Astaroth Sept 2018)
PoetRAT

PoetRAT has added a registry key in the hive for persistence.(Citation: Talos PoetRAT April 2020)
TrickBot

TrickBot establishes persistence in the Startup folder.(Citation: ESET Trickbot Oct 2020)
Sharpshooter

Sharpshooter's first-stage downloader installed Rising Sun to the startup folder %Startup%\mssync.exe.(Citation: McAfee Sharpshooter December 2018)

FELIXROOT

FELIXROOT adds a shortcut file to the startup folder for persistence.(Citation: ESET GreyEnergy Oct 2018)
RedLeaves

RedLeaves attempts to add a shortcut file in the Startup folder to achieve persistence. If this fails, it attempts to add Registry Run keys.(Citation: PWC Cloud Hopper Technical Annex April 2017)(Citation: Accenture Hogfish April 2018)
PowerDuke

PowerDuke achieves persistence by using various Registry Run keys.(Citation: Volexity PowerDuke November 2016)
KOCTOPUS

KOCTOPUS can set the AutoRun Registry key with a PowerShell command.(Citation: MalwareBytes LazyScripter Feb 2021)
Gamaredon Group

Gamaredon Group tools have registered Run keys in the registry to give malicious VBS files persistence.(Citation: TrendMicro Gamaredon April 2020)(Citation: ESET Gamaredon June 2020)(Citation: CERT-EE Gamaredon January 2021)
TURNEDUP

TURNEDUP is capable of writing to a Registry Run key to establish.(Citation: CyberBit Early Bird Apr 2018)
Bazar

Bazar can create or add files to Registry Run Keys to establish persistence.(Citation: Cybereason Bazar July 2020)(Citation: NCC Group Team9 June 2020)
Mongall

Mongall can establish persistence with the auto start function including using the value `EverNoteTrayUService`.(Citation: SentinelOne Aoqin Dragon June 2022)

Wizard Spider

Wizard Spider has established persistence via the Registry key HKCU\SOFTWARE\Microsoft\Windows\CurrentVersion\Run and a shortcut within the startup folder.(Citation: DHS/CISA Ransomware Targeting Healthcare October 2020)(Citation: FireEye KEGTAP SINGLEMALT October 2020)
APT32

APT32 established persistence using Registry Run keys, both to execute PowerShell and VBS scripts as well as to execute their backdoor directly.(Citation: Cybereason Oceanlotus May 2017)(Citation: Cybereason Cobalt Kitty 2017)(Citation: ESET OceanLotus Mar 2019)
MCMD

MCMD can use Registry Run Keys for persistence.(Citation: Secureworks MCMD July 2019)
Elise

If establishing persistence by installation as a new service fails, one variant of Elise establishes persistence for the created .exe file by setting the following Registry key: HKCU\Software\Microsoft\Windows\CurrentVersion\Run\svchost : %APPDATA%\Microsoft\Network\svchost.exe. Other variants have set the following Registry keys for persistence: HKCU\Software\Microsoft\Windows\CurrentVersion\Run\imejp : [self] and HKCU\Software\Microsoft\Windows\CurrentVersion\Run\IAStorD.(Citation: Lotus Blossom Jun 2015)(Citation: Accenture Dragonfish Jan 2018)
Taidoor

Taidoor has modified the HKCU\SOFTWARE\Microsoft\Windows\CurrentVersion\Run key for persistence.(Citation: TrendMicro Taidoor)
RogueRobin

RogueRobin created a shortcut in the Windows startup folder to launch a PowerShell script each time the user logs in to establish persistence.(Citation: Unit 42 DarkHydrus July 2018)

Обнаружение

Monitor Registry for changes to run keys that do not correlate with known software, patch cycles, etc. Monitor the start folder for additions or changes. Tools such as Sysinternals Autoruns may also be used to detect system changes that could be attempts at persistence, including listing the run keys' Registry locations and startup folders. (Citation: TechNet Autoruns) Suspicious program execution as startup programs may show up as outlier processes that have not been seen before when compared against historical data. Changes to these locations typically happen under normal conditions when legitimate software is installed. To increase confidence of malicious activity, data and events should not be viewed in isolation, but as part of a chain of behavior that could lead to other activities, such as network connections made for Command and Control, learning details about the environment through Discovery, and Lateral Movement.

Ссылки

  1. US-CERT. (2018, March 16). Alert (TA18-074A): Russian Government Cyber Activity Targeting Energy and Other Critical Infrastructure Sectors. Retrieved June 6, 2018.
  2. Sherstobitoff, R. (2018, March 02). McAfee Uncovers Operation Honeybee, a Malicious Document Campaign Targeting Humanitarian Aid Groups. Retrieved May 16, 2018.
  3. The Cylance Threat Research Team. (2017, March 22). El Machete's Malware Attacks Cut Through LATAM. Retrieved September 13, 2019.
  4. Sherstobitoff, R., Malhotra, A., et. al.. (2018, December 18). Operation Sharpshooter Campaign Targets Global Defense, Critical Infrastructure. Retrieved May 14, 2020.
  5. Russinovich, M. (2016, January 4). Autoruns for Windows v13.51. Retrieved June 6, 2016.
  6. Moe, O. (2018, March 21). Persistence using RunOnceEx - Hidden from Autoruns.exe. Retrieved June 29, 2018.
  7. Microsoft. (n.d.). Run and RunOnce Registry Keys. Retrieved November 12, 2014.
  8. Microsoft. (2018, May 31). 32-bit and 64-bit Application Data in the Registry. Retrieved August 3, 2020.
  9. Arntz, P. (2016, March 30). Hiding in Plain Sight. Retrieved August 3, 2020.
  10. Kujawa, A. (2018, March 27). You dirty RAT! Part 1: DarkComet. Retrieved November 6, 2018.
  11. TrendMicro. (2014, September 03). DARKCOMET. Retrieved November 6, 2018.
  12. Falcone, R. and Miller-Osborn, J. (2016, February 3). Emissary Trojan Changelog: Did Operation Lotus Blossom Cause It to Evolve?. Retrieved February 15, 2016.
  13. Proofpoint. (2020, December 2). Geofenced NetWire Campaigns. Retrieved January 7, 2021.
  14. Duncan, B. (2020, April 3). GuLoader: Malspam Campaign Installing NetWire RAT. Retrieved January 7, 2021.
  15. Lambert, T. (2020, January 29). Intro to Netwire. Retrieved January 7, 2021.
  16. McAfee. (2015, March 2). Netwire RAT Behind Recent Targeted Attacks. Retrieved February 15, 2018.
  17. Harakhavik, Y. (2020, February 3). Warzone: Behind the enemy lines. Retrieved December 17, 2021.
  18. Lee, S.. (2019, May 14). JCry Ransomware. Retrieved June 18, 2019.
  19. Hayashi, K. (2005, August 18). Backdoor.Darkmoon. Retrieved February 23, 2018.
  20. Faou, M. and Boutin, J. (2017, February). Read The Manual: A Guide to the RTM Banking Trojan. Retrieved March 9, 2017.
  21. ESET. (2020, April 28). Grandoreiro: How engorged can an EXE get?. Retrieved November 13, 2020.
  22. Abramov, D. (2020, April 13). Grandoreiro Malware Now Targeting Banks in Spain. Retrieved November 12, 2020.
  23. Frankoff, S., Hartley, B. (2018, November 14). Big Game Hunting: The Evolution of INDRIK SPIDER From Dridex Wire Fraud to BitPaymer Targeted Ransomware. Retrieved January 6, 2021.
  24. ClearSky Cyber Security. (2017, December). Charming Kitten. Retrieved December 27, 2017.
  25. Hada, H. (2021, December 28). Flagpro The new malware used by BlackTech. Retrieved March 25, 2022.
  26. Kaspersky Lab's Global Research & Analysis Team. (2018, October 15). Octopus-infested seas of Central Asia. Retrieved November 14, 2018.
  27. Raggi, M. Schwarz, D.. (2019, August 1). LookBack Malware Targets the United States Utilities Sector with Phishing Attacks Impersonating Engineering Licensing Boards. Retrieved February 25, 2021.
  28. GReAT. (2019, April 10). Gaza Cybergang Group1, operation SneakyPastes. Retrieved May 13, 2020.
  29. Chen, Joey. (2022, June 9). Aoqin Dragon | Newly-Discovered Chinese-linked APT Has Been Quietly Spying On Organizations For 10 Years. Retrieved July 14, 2022.
  30. Lunghi, D. and Lu, K. (2021, April 9). Iron Tiger APT Updates Toolkit With Evolved SysUpdate Malware. Retrieved November 12, 2021.
  31. Grunzweig, J. (2018, January 31). Comnie Continues to Target Organizations in East Asia. Retrieved June 7, 2018.
  32. Salvati, M. (2019, August 6). SILENTTRINITY Modules. Retrieved March 24, 2022.
  33. Jazi, H. (2021, June 1). Kimsuky APT continues to target South Korean government using AppleSeed backdoor. Retrieved June 10, 2021.
  34. Marschalek, M.. (2014, December 16). EvilBunny: Malware Instrumented By Lua. Retrieved June 28, 2019.
  35. Walter, J. (2020, August 10). Agent Tesla | Old RAT Uses New Tricks to Stay on Top. Retrieved December 11, 2020.
  36. Zhang, X. (2018, April 05). Analysis of New Agent Tesla Spyware Variant. Retrieved November 5, 2018.
  37. Threat Intelligence Team. (2021, December 2). SideCopy APT: Connecting lures victims, payloads to infrastructure. Retrieved June 13, 2022.
  38. Minerva Labs LTD and ClearSky Cyber Security. (2015, November 23). CopyKittens Attack Group. Retrieved September 11, 2017.
  39. ClearSky Cyber Security and Trend Micro. (2017, July). Operation Wilted Tulip: Exposing a cyber espionage apparatus. Retrieved August 21, 2017.
  40. Calvet, J. (2014, November 11). Sednit Espionage Group Attacking Air-Gapped Networks. Retrieved January 4, 2017.
  41. Faou, M., Tartare, M., Dupuy, T. (2019, October). OPERATION GHOST. Retrieved September 23, 2020.
  42. Vilkomir-Preisman, S. (2019, April 2). New ServHelper Variant Employs Excel 4.0 Macro to Drop Signed Payload. Retrieved May 28, 2019.
  43. Pantazopoulos, N., Henry T. (2018, May 18). Emissary Panda – A potential new malicious tool. Retrieved June 25, 2018.
  44. Chen, J.. (2020, May 12). Tropic Trooper’s Back: USBferry Attack Targets Air gapped Environments. Retrieved May 20, 2020.
  45. Moore, S. et al. (2020, April 30). Anomali Suspects that China-Backed APT Pirate Panda May Be Seeking Access to Vietnam Government Data Center. Retrieved May 19, 2020.
  46. Pascual, C. (2018, November 27). AutoIt-Compiled Worm Affecting Removable Media Delivers Fileless Version of BLADABINDI/njRAT Backdoor. Retrieved June 4, 2019.
  47. Fidelis Cybersecurity. (2013, June 28). Fidelis Threat Advisory #1009: "njRAT" Uncovered. Retrieved June 4, 2019.
  48. Settle, A., et al. (2016, August 8). MONSOON - Analysis Of An APT Campaign. Retrieved September 22, 2016.
  49. CISA, FBI, CNMF. (2020, October 27). https://us-cert.cisa.gov/ncas/alerts/aa20-301a. Retrieved November 4, 2020.
  50. Unit 42. (2019, February 22). New BabyShark Malware Targets U.S. National Security Think Tanks. Retrieved October 7, 2019.
  51. Ash, B., et al. (2018, June 26). RANCOR: Targeted Attacks in South East Asia Using PLAINTEE and DDKONG Malware Families. Retrieved July 2, 2018.
  52. FireEye iSIGHT Intelligence. (2017, April 6). APT10 (MenuPass Group): New Tools, Global Campaign Latest Manifestation of Longstanding Threat. Retrieved June 29, 2017.
  53. Kaspersky Lab's Global Research and Analysis Team. (2014, November). The Darkhotel APT A Story of Unusual Hospitality. Retrieved November 12, 2014.
  54. Lee, B. and Falcone, R. (2017, February 15). Magic Hound Campaign Attacks Saudi Targets. Retrieved December 27, 2017.
  55. AT&T Alien Labs. (2021, September 8). TeamTNT with new campaign aka Chimaera. Retrieved September 22, 2021.
  56. Vrabie, V. (2021, April 23). NAIKON – Traces from a Military Cyber-Espionage Operation. Retrieved June 29, 2021.
  57. Kasza, A. and Reichel, D. (2017, February 27). The Gamaredon Group Toolset Evolution. Retrieved March 1, 2017.
  58. Rascagneres, P. (2017, May 03). KONNI: A Malware Under The Radar For Years. Retrieved November 5, 2018.
  59. Chen, J. et al. (2019, November). Operation ENDTRADE: TICK’s Multi-Stage Backdoors for Attacking Industries and Stealing Classified Data. Retrieved June 9, 2020.
  60. Crowdstrike Global Intelligence Team. (2014, June 9). CrowdStrike Intelligence Report: Putter Panda. Retrieved January 22, 2016.
  61. Anubhav, A., Jallepalli, D. (2016, September 23). Hancitor (AKA Chanitor) observed using multiple attack approaches. Retrieved August 13, 2020.
  62. The BlackBerry Research & Intelligence Team. (2020, October). BAHAMUT: Hack-for-Hire Masters of Phishing, Fake News, and Fake Apps. Retrieved February 8, 2021.
  63. Mercer, W. et al. (2020, June 29). PROMETHIUM extends global reach with StrongPity3 APT. Retrieved July 20, 2020.
  64. MSTIC. (2021, May 28). Breaking down NOBELIUM’s latest early-stage toolset. Retrieved August 4, 2021.
  65. Pantazopoulos, N. (2020, June 2). In-depth analysis of the new Team9 malware family. Retrieved December 1, 2020.
  66. Cybereason Nocturnus. (2020, July 16). A BAZAR OF TRICKS: FOLLOWING TEAM9’S DEVELOPMENT CYCLES. Retrieved November 18, 2020.
  67. Slowik, J. (2021, October). THE BAFFLING BERSERK BEAR: A DECADE’S ACTIVITY TARGETING CRITICAL INFRASTRUCTURE. Retrieved December 6, 2021.
  68. Symantec Security Response. (2014, June 30). Dragonfly: Cyberespionage Attacks Against Energy Suppliers. Retrieved April 8, 2016.
  69. GReAT. (2014, December 10). Cloud Atlas: RedOctober APT is back in style. Retrieved May 8, 2020.
  70. Sancho, D., et al. (2012, May 22). IXESHE An APT Campaign. Retrieved June 7, 2019.
  71. Secureworks. (2019, July 24). Updated Karagany Malware Targets Energy Sector. Retrieved August 12, 2020.
  72. Glyer, C, et al. (2020, March). This Is Not a Test: APT41 Initiates Global Intrusion Campaign Using Multiple Exploits. Retrieved April 28, 2020.
  73. Rostovcev, N. (2021, June 10). Big airline heist APT41 likely behind a third-party attack on Air India. Retrieved August 26, 2021.
  74. Fraser, N., et al. (2019, August 7). Double DragonAPT41, a dual espionage and cyber crime operation APT41. Retrieved September 23, 2019.
  75. Blaich, A., et al. (2018, January 18). Dark Caracal: Cyber-espionage at a Global Scale. Retrieved April 11, 2018.
  76. PowerSploit. (n.d.). PowerSploit. Retrieved February 6, 2018.
  77. PowerShellMafia. (2012, May 26). PowerSploit - A PowerShell Post-Exploitation Framework. Retrieved February 6, 2018.
  78. Blasco, J. (2013, March 21). New Sykipot developments [Blog]. Retrieved November 12, 2014.
  79. Tarakanov , D.. (2013, September 11). The “Kimsuky” Operation: A North Korean APT?. Retrieved August 13, 2019.
  80. KISA. (n.d.). Phishing Target Reconnaissance and Attack Resource Analysis Operation Muzabi. Retrieved March 7, 2022.
  81. Crowdstrike. (2020, March 2). 2020 Global Threat Report. Retrieved December 11, 2020.
  82. An, J and Malhotra, A. (2021, November 10). North Korean attackers use malicious blogs to deliver malware to high-profile South Korean targets. Retrieved December 29, 2021.
  83. Yuste, J. Pastrana, S. (2021, February 9). Avaddon ransomware: an in-depth analysis and decryption of infected systems. Retrieved August 19, 2021.
  84. FireEye Labs. (2015, April). APT30 AND THE MECHANICS OF A LONG-RUNNING CYBER ESPIONAGE OPERATION. Retrieved May 1, 2015.
  85. Legezo, D. (2019, January 30). Chafer used Remexi malware to spy on Iran-based foreign diplomatic entities. Retrieved April 17, 2019.
  86. Kaspersky Global Research and Analysis Team. (2014, August 20). El Machete. Retrieved September 13, 2019.
  87. Brumaghin, E. and Grady, C.. (2017, March 2). Covert Channels and Poor Decisions: The Tale of DNSMessenger. Retrieved March 8, 2017.
  88. Singh, S. Singh, A. (2020, June 11). The Return on the Higaisa APT. Retrieved March 2, 2021.
  89. Malwarebytes Threat Intelligence Team. (2020, June 4). New LNK attack tied to Higaisa APT discovered. Retrieved March 2, 2021.
  90. Gross, J. (2016, February 23). Operation Dust Storm. Retrieved December 22, 2021.
  91. Jazi, H. (2021, February). LazyScripter: From Empire to double RAT. Retrieved November 24, 2021.
  92. Financial Security Institute. (2020, February 28). Profiling of TA505 Threat Group That Continues to Attack the Financial Sector. Retrieved July 14, 2022.
  93. FireEye Threat Intelligence. (2016, April). Follow the Money: Dissecting the Operations of the Cyber Crime Group FIN6. Retrieved June 1, 2016.
  94. ESET Research. (2019, October 3). Casbaneiro: peculiarities of this banking Trojan that affects Brazil and Mexico. Retrieved September 23, 2021.
  95. Zhang, X. (2020, February 4). Another Metamorfo Variant Targeting Customers of Financial Institutions in More Countries. Retrieved July 30, 2020.
  96. Sierra, E., Iglesias, G.. (2018, April 24). Metamorfo Campaigns Targeting Brazilian Users. Retrieved July 30, 2020.
  97. Erlich, C. (2020, April 3). The Avast Abuser: Metamorfo Banking Malware Hides By Abusing Avast Executable. Retrieved May 26, 2020.
  98. Microsoft. (2017, September 15). Backdoor:Win32/Truvasys.A!dha. Retrieved November 30, 2017.
  99. Manuel, J. and Plantado, R.. (2015, August 9). Win32/Kasidet. Retrieved March 24, 2016.
  100. Yadav, A., et al. (2016, January 29). Malicious Office files dropping Kasidet and Dridex. Retrieved March 24, 2016.
  101. F-Secure Labs. (2016, July). NANHAISHU RATing the South China Sea. Retrieved July 6, 2018.
  102. Nicolas Verdier. (n.d.). Retrieved January 29, 2018.
  103. Ray, V., Hayashi, K. (2016, February 29). New Malware ‘Rover’ Targets Indian Ambassador to Afghanistan. Retrieved February 29, 2016.
  104. Bacurio, F., Salvio, J. (2017, February 14). REMCOS: A New RAT In The Wild. Retrieved November 6, 2018.
  105. Adamitis, D. (2020, May 6). Phantom in the Command Shell. Retrieved December 22, 2021.
  106. Porolli, M. (2020, July 9). More evil: A deep look at Evilnum and its toolset. Retrieved January 22, 2021.
  107. FireEye. (2018, March 16). Suspected Chinese Cyber Espionage Group (TEMP.Periscope) Targeting U.S. Engineering and Maritime Industries. Retrieved April 11, 2018.
  108. Axel F, Pierre T. (2017, October 16). Leviathan: Espionage actor spearphishes maritime and defense targets. Retrieved February 15, 2018.
  109. Dedola, G. (2020, August 20). Transparent Tribe: Evolution analysis, part 1. Retrieved September 2, 2021.
  110. Huss, D. (2016, March 1). Operation Transparent Tribe. Retrieved June 8, 2016.
  111. Tomcik, R. et al. (2022, February 24). Left On Read: Telegram Malware Spotted in Latest Iranian Cyber Espionage Activity. Retrieved August 18, 2022.
  112. FBI, CISA, CNMF, NCSC-UK. (2022, February 24). Iranian Government-Sponsored Actors Conduct Cyber Operations Against Global Government and Commercial Networks. Retrieved September 27, 2022.
  113. Liebenberg, D.. (2018, August 30). Rocke: The Champion of Monero Miners. Retrieved May 26, 2020.
  114. Kessem, L., et al. (2017, November 13). New Banking Trojan IcedID Discovered by IBM X-Force Research. Retrieved July 14, 2020.
  115. Counter Threat Unit Research Team. (2017, October 12). BRONZE BUTLER Targets Japanese Enterprises. Retrieved January 4, 2018.
  116. Ackerman, G., et al. (2018, December 21). OVERRULED: Containing a Potentially Destructive Adversary. Retrieved January 17, 2019.
  117. Shelmire, A.. (2015, July 6). Evasive Maneuvers. Retrieved January 22, 2016.
  118. Desai, D.. (2015, August 14). Chinese cyber espionage APT group leveraging recently leaked Hacking Team exploits to target a Financial Services Firm. Retrieved January 26, 2016.
  119. Group-IB. (2018, September). Silence: Moving Into the Darkside. Retrieved May 5, 2020.
  120. Grunzweig, J. and Miller-Osborn, J. (2017, November 10). New Malware with Ties to SunOrcal Discovered. Retrieved November 16, 2017.
  121. Novetta Threat Research Group. (2015, April 7). Winnti Analysis. Retrieved February 8, 2017.
  122. NCSC GCHQ. (2022, January 27). Small Sieve Malware Analysis Report. Retrieved August 22, 2022.
  123. USG. (2020, May 12). MAR-10288834-2.v1 – North Korean Trojan: TAINTEDSCRIBE. Retrieved March 5, 2021.
  124. Computer Incident Response Center Luxembourg. (2013, March 29). Analysis of a PlugX variant. Retrieved November 5, 2018.
  125. PwC and BAE Systems. (2017, April). Operation Cloud Hopper: Technical Annex. Retrieved April 13, 2017.
  126. Vasilenko, R. (2013, December 17). An Analysis of PlugX Malware. Retrieved November 24, 2015.
  127. Falcone, R. and Lee, B.. (2016, May 26). The OilRig Campaign: Attacks on Saudi Arabian Organizations Deliver Helminth Backdoor. Retrieved May 3, 2017.
  128. F-Secure Labs. (2015, April 22). CozyDuke: Malware Analysis. Retrieved December 10, 2015.
  129. Cybereason Nocturnus Team. (2020, December 9). MOLERATS IN THE CLOUD: New Malware Arsenal Abuses Cloud Platforms in Middle East Espionage Campaign. Retrieved December 22, 2020.
  130. Accenture Security. (2018, November 29). SNAKEMACKEREL. Retrieved April 15, 2019.
  131. ESET Research. (2019, May 22). A journey to Zebrocy land. Retrieved June 20, 2019.
  132. ESET. (2018, November 20). Sednit: What’s going on with Zebrocy?. Retrieved February 12, 2019.
  133. Uptycs Threat Research Team. (2021, January 12). Confucius APT deploys Warzone RAT. Retrieved December 17, 2021.
  134. Mercer, W., Rascagneres, P. (2018, January 16). Korea In The Crosshairs. Retrieved May 21, 2018.
  135. FireEye. (2018, February 20). APT37 (Reaper): The Overlooked North Korean Actor. Retrieved March 1, 2018.
  136. Dell SecureWorks Counter Threat Unit Threat Intelligence. (2015, July 30). Sakula Malware Family. Retrieved January 26, 2016.
  137. Fidelis Cybersecurity. (2015, December 16). Fidelis Threat Advisory #1020: Dissecting the Malware Involved in the INOCNATION Campaign. Retrieved March 24, 2016.
  138. Stama, D.. (2015, February 6). Backdoor.Mivast. Retrieved February 15, 2016.
  139. Sherstobitoff, R. (2018, February 12). Lazarus Resurfaces, Targets Global Banks and Bitcoin Users. Retrieved February 19, 2018.
  140. Saini, A. and Hossein, J. (2022, January 27). North Korea’s Lazarus APT leverages Windows Update client, GitHub in latest campaign. Retrieved January 27, 2022.
  141. Novetta Threat Research Group. (2016, February 24). Operation Blockbuster: Unraveling the Long Thread of the Sony Attack. Retrieved February 25, 2016.
  142. Novetta Threat Research Group. (2016, February 24). Operation Blockbuster: Remote Administration Tools & Content Staging Malware Report. Retrieved March 16, 2016.
  143. Cashman, M. (2020, July 29). Operation North Star Campaign. Retrieved December 20, 2021.
  144. Falcone, R., et al. (2018, August 02). The Gorgon Group: Slithering Between Nation State and Cybercrime. Retrieved August 7, 2018.
  145. MaxXor. (n.d.). QuasarRAT. Retrieved July 10, 2018.
  146. CISA. (2018, December 18). Analysis Report (AR18-352A) Quasar Open-Source Remote Administration Tool. Retrieved August 1, 2022.
  147. GReAT. (2019, August 12). Recent Cloud Atlas activity. Retrieved May 8, 2020.
  148. Salem, E. (2020, November 17). CHAES: Novel Malware Targeting Latin American E-Commerce. Retrieved June 30, 2021.
  149. Sherstobitoff, R., Malhotra, A. (2018, October 18). ‘Operation Oceansalt’ Attacks South Korea, U.S., and Canada With Source Code From Chinese Hacker Group. Retrieved November 30, 2018.
  150. Cherepanov, A.. (2016, May 17). Operation Groundbait: Analysis of a surveillance toolkit. Retrieved May 18, 2016.
  151. Grunzweig, J.. (2017, April 20). Cardinal RAT Active for Over Two Years. Retrieved December 8, 2018.
  152. Cherepanov, A. (2018, October). GREYENERGY A successor to BlackEnergy. Retrieved November 15, 2018.
  153. Levene, B, et al. (2017, May 03). Kazuar: Multiplatform Espionage Backdoor with API Access. Retrieved July 17, 2018.
  154. Giuliani, M., Allievi, A. (2011, February 28). Carberp - a modular information stealing trojan. Retrieved July 15, 2020.
  155. Bitdefender. (2015, December). APT28 Under the Scope. Retrieved February 23, 2017.
  156. ESET. (2016, October). En Route with Sednit - Part 2: Observing the Comings and Goings. Retrieved November 21, 2016.
  157. Kaspersky Lab's Global Research and Analysis Team. (2015, December 4). Sofacy APT hits high profile targets with updated toolset. Retrieved December 10, 2015.
  158. Lunghi, D., et al. (2017, December). Untangling the Patchwork Cyberespionage Group. Retrieved July 10, 2018.
  159. Cymmetria. (2016). Unveiling Patchwork - The Copy-Paste APT. Retrieved August 3, 2016.
  160. GReAT. (2021, June 16). Ferocious Kitten: 6 Years of Covert Surveillance in Iran. Retrieved September 22, 2021.
  161. Lancaster, T. (2018, November 5). Inception Attackers Target Europe with Year-old Office Vulnerability. Retrieved May 8, 2020.
  162. Ladley, F. (2012, May 15). Backdoor.Briba. Retrieved February 21, 2018.
  163. Mercer, W., et al. (2020, March 5). Bisonal: 10 years of play. Retrieved January 26, 2022.
  164. Hayashi, K., Ray, V. (2018, July 31). Bisonal Malware Used in Attacks Against Russia and South Korea. Retrieved August 7, 2018.
  165. Antiy CERT. (2020, April 20). Analysis of Ramsay components of Darkhotel's infiltration and isolation network. Retrieved March 24, 2021.
  166. Patel, K. (2018, March 02). The NanoCore RAT Has Resurfaced From the Sewers. Retrieved November 9, 2018.
  167. ESET, et al. (2018, January). Diplomats in Eastern Europe bitten by a Turla mosquito. Retrieved July 3, 2018.
  168. Adair, S.. (2016, November 9). PowerDuke: Widespread Post-Election Spear Phishing Campaigns Targeting Think Tanks and NGOs. Retrieved January 11, 2017.
  169. Skulkin, O. (2019, August 5). Following the RTM Forensic examination of a computer infected with a banking trojan. Retrieved May 11, 2020.
  170. Priego, A. (2021, July). THE BROTHERS GRIM: THE REVERSING TALE OF GRIMAGENT MALWARE USED BY RYUK. Retrieved July 16, 2021.
  171. Dunwoody, M. and Carr, N.. (2016, September 27). No Easy Breach DerbyCon 2016. Retrieved October 4, 2016.
  172. Gorelik, M.. (2019, June 10). SECURITY ALERT: FIN8 IS BACK IN BUSINESS, TARGETING THE HOSPITALITY INDUSTRY. Retrieved June 13, 2019.
  173. Elovitz, S. & Ahl, I. (2016, August 18). Know Your Enemy: New Financially-Motivated & Spear-Phishing Group. Retrieved February 26, 2018.
  174. Sherstobitoff, R., Saavedra-Morales, J. (2018, February 02). Gold Dragon Widens Olympics Malware Attacks, Gains Permanent Presence on Victims’ Systems. Retrieved June 6, 2018.
  175. Baumgartner, K., Golovkin, M.. (2015, May). The MsnMM Campaigns: The Earliest Naikon APT Campaigns. Retrieved April 10, 2019.
  176. Kasuya, M. (2020, January 8). Threat Spotlight: Amadey Bot Targets Non-Russian Users. Retrieved July 14, 2022.
  177. Hanel, A. (2019, January 10). Big Game Hunting with Ryuk: Another Lucrative Targeted Ransomware. Retrieved May 12, 2020.
  178. Dumont, R. (2019, March 20). Fake or Fake: Keeping up with OceanLotus decoys. Retrieved April 1, 2019.
  179. Dahan, A. (2017). Operation Cobalt Kitty. Retrieved December 27, 2018.
  180. Dahan, A. (2017, May 24). OPERATION COBALT KITTY: A LARGE-SCALE APT IN ASIA CARRIED OUT BY THE OCEANLOTUS GROUP. Retrieved November 5, 2018.
  181. Grunzweig, J., et al. (2016, May 24). New Wekby Attacks Use DNS Requests As Command and Control Mechanism. Retrieved August 17, 2016.
  182. Allievi, A.,Flori, E. (2018, March 01). FinFisher exposed: A researcher’s tale of defeating traps, tricks, and complex virtual machines. Retrieved July 9, 2018.
  183. FinFisher. (n.d.). Retrieved December 20, 2017.
  184. Brandt, A., Mackenzie, P.. (2020, September 17). Maze Attackers Adopt Ragnar Locker Virtual Machine Technique. Retrieved October 9, 2020.
  185. Vyacheslav Kopeytsev and Seongsu Park. (2021, February 25). Lazarus targets defense industry with ThreatNeedle. Retrieved October 27, 2021.
  186. Group IB. (2020, September). LOCK LIKE A PRO. Retrieved September 27, 2021.
  187. Trend Micro. (2020, December 17). QAKBOT: A decade-old malware still with new tricks. Retrieved September 27, 2021.
  188. CS. (2020, October 7). Duck Hunting with Falcon Complete: A Fowl Banking Trojan Evolves, Part 2. Retrieved September 27, 2021.
  189. Mendoza, E. et al. (2020, May 25). Qakbot Resurges, Spreads through VBS Files. Retrieved September 27, 2021.
  190. Kaspersky Lab's Global Research & Analysis Team. (2017, August 30). Introducing WhiteBear. Retrieved September 21, 2017.
  191. ESET. (2017, August). Gazing at Gazer: Turla’s new second stage backdoor. Retrieved September 14, 2017.
  192. Chen, T. and Chen, Z. (2020, February 17). CLAMBLING - A New Backdoor Base On Dropbox. Retrieved November 12, 2021.
  193. Lunghi, D. et al. (2020, February). Uncovering DRBControl. Retrieved November 12, 2021.
  194. ESET. (2018, September). LOJAX First UEFI rootkit found in the wild, courtesy of the Sednit group. Retrieved July 2, 2019.
  195. Knight, S.. (2020, April 16). VMware Carbon Black TAU Threat Analysis: The Evolution of Lazarus. Retrieved May 1, 2020.
  196. Yonathan Klijnsma. (2016, May 17). Mofang: A politically motivated information stealing adversary. Retrieved May 12, 2020.
  197. Vrabie, V. (2020, November). Dissecting a Chinese APT Targeting South Eastern Asian Government Institutions. Retrieved September 19, 2022.
  198. Adam Burgher. (2021, June 10). BackdoorDiplomacy: Upgrading from Quarian to Turian. Retrieved September 1, 2021
  199. Livelli, K, et al. (2018, November 12). Operation Shaheen. Retrieved May 1, 2019.
  200. Mercer, W., Rascagneres, P. (2018, May 31). NavRAT Uses US-North Korea Summit As Decoy For Attacks In South Korea. Retrieved June 11, 2018.
  201. Grunzweig, J.. (2015, July 14). Unit 42 Technical Analysis: Seaduke. Retrieved August 3, 2016.
  202. F-Secure Labs. (2014). BlackEnergy & Quedagh: The convergence of crimeware and APT attacks. Retrieved March 24, 2016.
  203. Microsoft Threat Protection Intelligence Team. (2020, June 18). Inside Microsoft Threat Protection: Mapping attack chains from cloud to endpoint. Retrieved June 22, 2020.
  204. Security Response attack Investigation Team. (2019, March 27). Elfin: Relentless Espionage Group Targets Multiple Organizations in Saudi Arabia and U.S.. Retrieved April 10, 2019.
  205. Ebach, L. (2017, June 22). Analysis Results of Zeus.Variant.Panda. Retrieved November 5, 2018.
  206. Brumaghin, E., et al. (2017, November 02). Poisoning the Well: Banking Trojan Targets Google Search Results. Retrieved November 5, 2018.
  207. Smallridge, R. (2018, March 10). APT15 is alive and strong: An analysis of RoyalCli and RoyalDNS. Retrieved April 4, 2018.
  208. Anthe, C. et al. (2015, October 19). Microsoft Security Intelligence Report Volume 19. Retrieved December 23, 2015.
  209. Mercer, W, et al. (2020, April 16). PoetRAT: Python RAT uses COVID-19 lures to target Azerbaijan public and private sectors. Retrieved April 27, 2020.
  210. Gavriel, H. & Erbesfeld, B. (2018, April 11). New ‘Early Bird’ Code Injection Technique Discovered. Retrieved May 24, 2018.
  211. Accenture Security. (2018, January 27). DRAGONFISH DELIVERS NEW FORM OF ELISE MALWARE TARGETING ASEAN DEFENCE MINISTERS’ MEETING AND ASSOCIATES. Retrieved November 14, 2018.
  212. Falcone, R., et al.. (2015, June 16). Operation Lotus Blossom. Retrieved February 15, 2016.
  213. Yadav, A., et al. (2017, August 31). Cobian RAT – A backdoored RAT. Retrieved November 13, 2018.
  214. Malhotra, A. (2021, March 2). ObliqueRAT returns with new campaign using hijacked websites. Retrieved September 2, 2021.
  215. Grunzweig, J., Lee, B. (2018, September 27). New KONNI Malware attacking Eurasia and Southeast Asia. Retrieved November 5, 2018.
  216. Carr, N., et al. (2018, August 01). On the Hunt for FIN7: Pursuing an Enigmatic and Evasive Global Criminal Operation. Retrieved August 23, 2018.
  217. Carr, N., et al. (2017, April 24). FIN7 Evolution and the Phishing LNK. Retrieved April 24, 2017.
  218. ClearSky. (2016, January 7). Operation DustySky. Retrieved January 8, 2016.
  219. Global Threat Center, Intelligence Team. (2020, December). APT27 Turns to Ransomware. Retrieved November 12, 2021.
  220. ASERT Team. (2018, April 04). Innaput Actors Utilize Remote Access Trojan Since 2016, Presumably Targeting Victim Files. Retrieved July 9, 2018.
  221. Proofpoint Threat Research Team. (2020, November 23). TA416 Goes to Ground and Returns with a Golang PlugX Malware Loader. Retrieved April 13, 2021.
  222. Grunzweig, J., Lee, B. (2016, January 22). New Attacks Linked to C0d0so0 Group. Retrieved August 2, 2018.
  223. Hawley et al. (2019, January 29). APT39: An Iranian Cyber Espionage Group Focused on Personal Information. Retrieved February 19, 2019.
  224. Hacquebord, F., Remorin, L. (2020, December 17). Pawn Storm’s Lack of Sophistication as a Strategy. Retrieved January 13, 2021.
  225. Hromcova, Z. and Cherpanov, A. (2020, June). INVISIMOLE: THE HIDDEN PART OF THE STORY. Retrieved July 16, 2020.
  226. Singh, S. and Antil, S. (2020, October 27). APT-31 Leverages COVID-19 Vaccine Theme and Abuses Legitimate Online Services. Retrieved March 24, 2021.
  227. Cyble. (2020, September 26). SideWinder APT Targets with futuristic Tactics and Techniques. Retrieved January 29, 2021.
  228. Rewterz. (2020, June 22). Analysis on Sidewinder APT Group – COVID-19. Retrieved January 29, 2021.
  229. Rewterz. (2020, April 20). Sidewinder APT Group Campaign Analysis. Retrieved January 29, 2021.
  230. FireEye. (2021, June 16). Smoking Out a DARKSIDE Affiliate’s Supply Chain Software Compromise. Retrieved September 22, 2021.
  231. Namestnikov, Y. and Aime, F. (2019, May 8). FIN7.5: the infamous cybercrime rig “FIN7” continues its activities. Retrieved October 11, 2019.
  232. Hromcova, Z. (2019, July). OKRUM AND KETRICAN: AN OVERVIEW OF RECENT KE3CHANG GROUP ACTIVITY. Retrieved May 6, 2020.
  233. Moran, N., et al. (2014, November 21). Operation Double Tap. Retrieved January 14, 2016.
  234. Falcone, R., et al. (2018, July 27). New Threat Actor Group DarkHydrus Targets Middle East Government. Retrieved August 2, 2018.
  235. Sioting, S. (2013, June 15). BKDR_URSNIF.SM. Retrieved June 5, 2019.
  236. Trend Micro. (2014, December 11). PE_URSNIF.A2. Retrieved June 5, 2019.
  237. Dupuy, T. and Faou, M. (2021, June). Gelsemium. Retrieved November 30, 2021.
  238. Hasherezade. (2016, September 12). Smoke Loader – downloader with a smokescreen still alive. Retrieved March 20, 2018.
  239. Frydrych, M. (2020, April 14). TA505 Continues to Infect Networks With SDBbot RAT. Retrieved May 29, 2020.
  240. Schwarz, D. et al. (2019, October 16). TA505 Distributes New SDBbot Remote Access Trojan with Get2 Downloader. Retrieved May 29, 2020.
  241. Unit 42. (2022, February 25). Spear Phishing Attacks Target Organizations in Ukraine, Payloads Include the Document Stealer OutSteel and the Downloader SaintBot. Retrieved June 9, 2022.
  242. Hasherezade. (2021, April 6). A deep dive into Saint Bot, a new downloader. Retrieved June 9, 2022.
  243. Cylance. (2014, December). Operation Cleaver. Retrieved September 14, 2017.
  244. Matveeva, V. (2017, August 15). Secrets of Cobalt. Retrieved October 10, 2018.
  245. CERT-EE. (2021, January 27). Gamaredon Infection: From Dropper to Entry. Retrieved February 17, 2022.
  246. Boutin, J. (2020, June 11). Gamaredon group grows its game. Retrieved June 16, 2020.
  247. Kakara, H., Maruyama, E. (2020, April 17). Gamaredon APT Group Use Covid-19 Lure in Campaigns. Retrieved May 19, 2020.
  248. Secureworks. (2019, July 24). MCMD Malware Analysis. Retrieved August 13, 2020.
  249. Bar, T., Conant, S. (2017, October 20). BadPatch. Retrieved November 13, 2018.
  250. Xiao, C. (2018, September 17). Xbash Combines Botnet, Ransomware, Coinmining in Worm that Targets Linux and Windows. Retrieved November 14, 2018.
  251. Trend Micro. (2014, March 18). Conficker. Retrieved February 18, 2021.
  252. Bennett, J., Vengerik, B. (2017, June 12). Behind the CARBANAK Backdoor. Retrieved June 11, 2018.
  253. Doaty, J., Garrett, P.. (2018, September 10). We’re Seeing a Resurgence of the Demonic Astaroth WMIC Trojan. Retrieved April 17, 2019.
  254. Grunzweig, J. (2018, October 01). NOKKI Almost Ties the Knot with DOGCALL: Reaper Group Uses New Malware to Deploy RAT. Retrieved November 5, 2018.
  255. Hsu, K. et al. (2020, June 24). Lucifer: New Cryptojacking and DDoS Hybrid Malware Exploiting High and Critical Vulnerabilities to Infect Windows Devices. Retrieved November 16, 2020.
  256. Özarslan, S. (2018, December 21). The Christmas Card you never wanted - A new wave of Emotet is back to wreak havoc. Retrieved March 25, 2019.
  257. US-CERT. (2018, July 20). Alert (TA18-201A) Emotet Malware. Retrieved March 25, 2019.
  258. Symantec. (2018, July 18). The Evolution of Emotet: From Banking Trojan to Threat Distributor. Retrieved March 25, 2019.
  259. Zhou, R. (2012, May 15). Backdoor.Vasport. Retrieved February 22, 2018.
  260. ESET Research. (2018, May 22). Turla Mosquito: A shift towards more generic tools. Retrieved July 3, 2018.
  261. Singh, S. et al.. (2018, March 13). Iranian Threat Group Updates Tactics, Techniques and Procedures in Spear Phishing Campaign. Retrieved April 11, 2018.
  262. Reaqta. (2017, November 22). A dive into MuddyWater APT targeting Middle-East. Retrieved May 18, 2020.
  263. Peretz, A. and Theck, E. (2021, March 5). Earth Vetala – MuddyWater Continues to Target Organizations in the Middle East. Retrieved March 18, 2021.
  264. Malhortra, A and Ventura, V. (2022, January 31). Iranian APT MuddyWater targets Turkish users via malicious PDFs, executables. Retrieved June 22, 2022.
  265. Kaspersky Lab's Global Research & Analysis Team. (2018, October 10). MuddyWater expands operations. Retrieved November 2, 2018.
  266. Adamitis, D. et al. (2019, May 20). Recent MuddyWater-associated BlackWater campaign shows signs of new anti-detection techniques. Retrieved June 5, 2019.
  267. ESET. (2016, October). En Route with Sednit - Part 1: Approaching the Target. Retrieved November 8, 2016.
  268. Schroeder, W., Warner, J., Nelson, M. (n.d.). Github PowerShellEmpire. Retrieved April 28, 2016.
  269. FireEye iSIGHT Intelligence. (2017, June 16). FIN10: Anatomy of a Cyber Extortion Operation. Retrieved June 25, 2017.
  270. CheckPoint. (2020, May 7). Naikon APT: Cyber Espionage Reloaded. Retrieved May 26, 2020.
  271. Shivtarkar, N. and Kumar, A. (2022, June 9). Lyceum .NET DNS Backdoor. Retrieved June 23, 2022.
  272. Quinn, J. (2019, March 25). The odd case of a Gh0stRAT variant. Retrieved July 15, 2020.
  273. Pantazopoulos, N. (2018, April 17). Decoding network data from a Gh0st RAT variant. Retrieved November 2, 2018.
  274. Grunzweig, J., et al. (2016, May 24). New Wekby Attacks Use DNS Requests As Command and Control Mechanism. Retrieved November 15, 2018.
  275. Shelmire, A. (2015, July 06). Evasive Maneuvers by the Wekby group with custom ROP-packing and DNS covert channels. Retrieved November 15, 2018.
  276. Boutin, J. (2020, October 12). ESET takes part in global operation to disrupt Trickbot. Retrieved March 15, 2021.
  277. Accenture Security. (2018, April 23). Hogfish Redleaves Campaign. Retrieved July 2, 2018.
  278. Kimberly Goody, Jeremy Kennelly, Joshua Shilko, Steve Elovitz, Douglas Bienstock. (2020, October 28). Unhappy Hour Special: KEGTAP and SINGLEMALT With a Ransomware Chaser. Retrieved October 28, 2020.
  279. DHS/CISA. (2020, October 28). Ransomware Activity Targeting the Healthcare and Public Health Sector. Retrieved October 28, 2020.
  280. Trend Micro. (2012). The Taidoor Campaign. Retrieved November 12, 2014.
Навигация

Каталоги

Мы используем cookie-файлы, чтобы получить статистику, которая помогает нам улучшить сервис для вас с целью персонализации сервисов и предложений. Вы может прочитать подробнее о cookie-файлах или изменить настройки браузера. Продолжая пользоваться сайтом, вы даёте согласие на использование ваших cookie-файлов и соглашаетесь с Политикой обработки персональных данных.