Cервис управления информационной безопасностью
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MITRE ATT&CK - Преступная группа CopyKittens
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CopyKittens

CopyKittens is an Iranian cyber espionage group that has been operating since at least 2013. It has targeted countries including Israel, Saudi Arabia, Turkey, the U.S., Jordan, and Germany. The group is responsible for the campaign known as Operation Wilted Tulip.(Citation: ClearSky CopyKittens March 2017)(Citation: ClearSky Wilted Tulip July 2017)(Citation: CopyKittens Nov 2015)
ID: G0052
Associated Groups: 
Version: 1.6
Created: 16 Jan 2018
Last Modified: 08 Aug 2022

Associated Group Descriptions
Name Description

Techniques Used
Domain ID Name Use
Enterprise T1560 .001 Archive Collected Data: Archive via Utility

CopyKittens uses ZPP, a .NET console program, to compress files with ZIP.(Citation: ClearSky Wilted Tulip July 2017)
.003 Archive Collected Data: Archive via Custom Method

CopyKittens encrypts data with a substitute cipher prior to exfiltration.(Citation: CopyKittens Nov 2015)

Enterprise T1059 .001 Command and Scripting Interpreter: PowerShell

CopyKittens has used PowerShell Empire.(Citation: ClearSky Wilted Tulip July 2017)
Enterprise T1564 .003 Hide Artifacts: Hidden Window

CopyKittens has used -w hidden and -windowstyle hidden to conceal PowerShell windows. (Citation: ClearSky Wilted Tulip July 2017)
Enterprise T1588 .002 Obtain Capabilities: Tool

CopyKittens has used Metasploit, Empire, and AirVPN for post-exploitation activities.(Citation: ClearSky and Trend Micro Operation Wilted Tulip July 2017)(Citation: Microsoft POLONIUM June 2022)
Enterprise T1553 .002 Subvert Trust Controls: Code Signing

CopyKittens digitally signed an executable with a stolen certificate from legitimate company AI Squared.(Citation: ClearSky Wilted Tulip July 2017)
Enterprise T1218 .011 System Binary Proxy Execution: Rundll32

CopyKittens uses rundll32 to load various tools on victims, including a lateral movement tool named Vminst, Cobalt Strike, and shellcode.(Citation: ClearSky Wilted Tulip July 2017)

Software
ID Name References Techniques
S0164 TDTESS (Citation: ClearSky Wilted Tulip July 2017) File Deletion, Ingress Tool Transfer, Windows Command Shell, Timestomp, Windows Service
S0167 Matryoshka (Citation: ClearSky Wilted Tulip July 2017) (Citation: CopyKittens Nov 2015) Keylogging, Command and Scripting Interpreter, Registry Run Keys / Startup Folder, Dynamic-link Library Injection, Credentials from Password Stores, Obfuscated Files or Information, Screen Capture, DNS, Rundll32, Scheduled Task
S0363 Empire (Citation: ClearSky Wilted Tulip July 2017) (Citation: EmPyre) (Citation: GitHub ATTACK Empire) (Citation: Github PowerShell Empire) (Citation: NCSC Joint Report Public Tools) (Citation: PowerShell Empire) Video Capture, Distributed Component Object Model, LLMNR/NBT-NS Poisoning and SMB Relay, System Network Configuration Discovery, PowerShell, Domain Trust Discovery, Keylogging, Obfuscated Files or Information, Local Account, Screen Capture, Network Service Discovery, Credentials In Files, Archive Collected Data, Group Policy Modification, Exfiltration Over C2 Channel, Commonly Used Port, System Information Discovery, Clipboard Data, Exploitation for Privilege Escalation, Automated Exfiltration, Accessibility Features, Automated Collection, Group Policy Discovery, Domain Account, Security Support Provider, SSH, Kerberoasting, SID-History Injection, Path Interception by Unquoted Path, Registry Run Keys / Startup Folder, Network Share Discovery, Path Interception by Search Order Hijacking, Golden Ticket, Exploitation of Remote Services, Service Execution, Exfiltration to Code Repository, File and Directory Discovery, Credential API Hooking, Path Interception by PATH Environment Variable, Native API, Windows Management Instrumentation, Process Injection, Pass the Hash, Browser Bookmark Discovery, MSBuild, Private Keys, Exfiltration to Cloud Storage, Web Protocols, Access Token Manipulation, Network Sniffing, Local Email Collection, Windows Command Shell, Bidirectional Communication, Credentials from Web Browsers, Security Software Discovery, Local Account, Dylib Hijacking, System Network Connections Discovery, Scheduled Task, LSASS Memory, Asymmetric Cryptography, Create Process with Token, Windows Service, Command and Scripting Interpreter, Process Discovery, Ingress Tool Transfer, Timestomp, Shortcut Modification, DLL Search Order Hijacking, Domain Account, System Owner/User Discovery, Bypass User Account Control, Silver Ticket
S0154 Cobalt Strike (Citation: ClearSky Wilted Tulip July 2017) (Citation: cobaltstrike manual) Domain Fronting, Sudo and Sudo Caching, Code Signing, Scheduled Transfer, JavaScript, Remote Desktop Protocol, Native API, Pass the Hash, Domain Accounts, Indicator Removal from Tools, Bypass User Account Control, System Network Configuration Discovery, Service Execution, PowerShell, Web Protocols, Application Layer Protocol, Data from Local System, Disable or Modify Tools, Dynamic-link Library Injection, Local Accounts, Multiband Communication, Keylogging, Distributed Component Object Model, Process Discovery, BITS Jobs, Process Hollowing, Software Discovery, Local Accounts, BITS Jobs, Remote Desktop Protocol, Internal Proxy, Exploitation for Privilege Escalation, Screen Capture, Process Argument Spoofing, Modify Registry, Domain Groups, System Network Connections Discovery, Protocol Impersonation, Parent PID Spoofing, Token Impersonation/Theft, Protocol Tunneling, Windows Service, Visual Basic, Native API, Parent PID Spoofing, Process Injection, System Service Discovery, Timestomp, System Network Configuration Discovery, SSH, File and Directory Discovery, DNS, Token Impersonation/Theft, DNS, Bypass User Account Control, Process Hollowing, Scheduled Transfer, Security Account Manager, Local Groups, PowerShell, SSH, Python, Reflective Code Loading, Remote System Discovery, LSASS Memory, Screen Capture, Commonly Used Port, Query Registry, Domain Account, Data Transfer Size Limits, Network Service Discovery, Pass the Hash, Domain Accounts, Network Share Discovery, Web Protocols, Asymmetric Cryptography, Windows Command Shell, Process Injection, Browser Session Hijacking, Deobfuscate/Decode Files or Information, Remote System Discovery, Visual Basic, Protocol Tunneling, Exploitation for Privilege Escalation, Windows Management Instrumentation, Keylogging, Browser Session Hijacking, Windows Remote Management, Symmetric Cryptography, Non-Application Layer Protocol, Standard Encoding, Ingress Tool Transfer, Indicator Removal from Tools, Domain Account, Internal Proxy, Service Execution, Windows Remote Management, SMB/Windows Admin Shares, Rundll32, Windows Service, Application Layer Protocol, Python, SMB/Windows Admin Shares, Windows Management Instrumentation, Security Account Manager, Make and Impersonate Token, Exploitation for Client Execution, Network Service Discovery, Timestomp, Distributed Component Object Model, Multiband Communication, Commonly Used Port, Network Share Discovery, Custom Command and Control Protocol, Process Discovery, Make and Impersonate Token, Data from Local System, Office Template Macros, Windows Command Shell, Obfuscated Files or Information

References

  1. ClearSky Cyber Security and Trend Micro. (2017, July). Operation Wilted Tulip: Exposing a cyber espionage apparatus. Retrieved August 21, 2017.
  2. Microsoft. (2022, June 2). Exposing POLONIUM activity and infrastructure targeting Israeli organizations. Retrieved July 1, 2022.
  3. Minerva Labs LTD and ClearSky Cyber Security. (2015, November 23). CopyKittens Attack Group. Retrieved September 11, 2017.
  4. ClearSky and Trend Micro. (2017, July). Operation Wilted Tulip - Exposing a cyber espionage apparatus. Retrieved May 17, 2021.
  5. ClearSky Cyber Security. (2017, March 30). Jerusalem Post and other Israeli websites compromised by Iranian threat agent CopyKitten. Retrieved August 21, 2017.
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